文档介绍：Interpretation of Infrared Spectra, A Practical Approach
John Coates
in
Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry
. Meyers (Ed.)
pp. 10815–10837
John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester, 2000
INTERPRETATION OF INFRARED SPECTRA, A PRACTICAL APPROACH 1
absorptions in the spectrum. This information can indicate
Interpretation of Infrared whether there is backbone to the structure and, if so,
Spectra, A Practical Approach whether the backbone consists of linear or branched chains.
Next it is possible to determine if there is unsaturation
and/or aromatic rings in the structure. Finally, it is possible
John Coates to deduce whether specific functional groups are present.
Coates Consulting, Newtown, USA If detected, one is also able to determine local orientation
of the group and its local environment and/or location in
the structure. The origins of the sample, its prehistory, and
the manner in which the sample is handled all have impact
1 Introduction 1
on the final result. Basic rules of interpretation exist and,
2 The Origins of the Infrared Spectrum 2 if followed, a simple, first-pass interpretation leading to
3 Spectral Interpretation by Application of material characterization is possible. This article addresses
Vibrational Group Frequencies 6 these issues in a simple, logical fashion. Practical examples
The Hydrocarbon Species and are included to help guide the reader through the basic
Molecular Backbone 6 concepts of infrared spectral interpretation.
Simple Functional Groups 9
The Carbonyl Group 12
Other Functional Groups Associated
with Heteroatoms 13 1 INTRODUCTION
Simple anics 14
4 The Practical Situation – Obtaining the The qualitative aspects of infrared spectroscopy are one
Spectrum and Interpreting the Results 15 of the most powerful attributes of this diverse and
Sample History 16 versatile analytical technique. Over the years, much has
Physical Characteristics of the been published