文档介绍：摘要摘要美国研究生教育经历了产生、确立、发展、大繁荣、恢复和稳步发展几个时期,在此过程中,形成了一个比较完备的研究生资助体系。在资助类型上包括非服务性资助和服务性资助两个大类别,具体分为奖学金、助学金、学费减免、岗位助学金、勤工俭学、雇主资助、贷款等几种类型。美国研究生资助上至联邦政府、州政府,下至高校、各种基金会,都有着广阔的资助来源和规范的资助运行过程,形成了其独特的特点。建国以来,随着我国研究生教育的发展,研究生资助不断得到发展,形成了我国现行以研究生普通奖学金、研究生优秀奖学金、国家助学贷款和“三助”为主,其他资助为辅的资助政策。但是现阶段我国的研究生资助仍存在着整体力度不够、院校间实施状况差异性大、资助来源渠道少、资助体制不健全等问题。从美国研究生资助的经验中我们可以得到几点启示来促进我、公开、公正”的原则,完善研究生资助制度;扩大研究生资助对象,加大资助力度;多种类型资助相结合,对研究生进行“打包”资助;拓展研究生资助来源,多渠道筹措经费;运用现代化网络工具,提高研究生资助工作的办事效率;建立诚信制度,完善贷款偿还机制。关键词美国研究生一资助 Abstract Abstract American graduate educmion hasexperienced severalperiods:production,establishment, development,prosperity,recovery and steadydevelopment,formed plete aretwo types ofAmerican graduate financialassistance, ‘‘non—service’’assistance and‘‘service’’assistance,contains fellowships、grant、tuition waiver、 assistantships、work-study、employer ,up from the federal government,state governments,down tothecolleges,universities and foundations, with wide funding sources and standardized process ofoperation,has formed itsunique characteristics. Since 949,with thedevelopment ofOur graduate education,graduate financial assistance had been continuously developed,and formed today’Sexisting graduatescholarships,graduateoutstanding scholarships,student loans and three types of assistantships alethemainmeasures ofgraduate assistance,supplemented by otherassistance our graduate financial assistance stillhasmany problems:not enough ofthe intensity;large differences between institutions inimplementation;lack oftheassistance sources;not perfect ofthefinancialassistancesystem,and SO on. WeCan getsome inspiration fromAmerican experience topromote thedevelopment of Ourgraduate financial assistance,plete the financialassistancesystem under the principle offair,open and equitable;expand thegraduate financial assistance’Starget; increase thefinancial assistance’s bine the multiple forms