文档介绍：ARTICLE IN PRESS
Progress in Energy bustion Science 33 (2007) 1–18
ate/pecs
Progress and recent trends in biofuels
Ayhan DemirbasÃ
Department of Chemical Engineering, Selcuk University, Campus, 42031 Konya, Turkey
Received 28 March 2006; accepted 28 June 2006
Available online 22 August 2006
Abstract
In this paper, the modern biomass-based transportation fuels such as fuels from Fischer–Tropsch synthesis, bioethanol,
fatty acid (m)ethylester, biomethanol, and biohydrogen are briefly reviewed. Here, the term biofuel is referred to as liquid
or gaseous fuels for the transport sector that are predominantly produced from biomass. There are several reasons for bio-
fuels to be considered as relevant technologies by both developing and industrialized countries. They include energy
security reasons, environmental concerns, foreign exchange savings, and socioeconomic issues related to the rural sector.
The term modern biomass is generally used to describe the traditional biomass use through the efficient and clean
combustion technologies and sustained supply of biomass resources, environmentally sound petitive fuels, heat
and electricity using modern conversion technologies. Modern biomass can be used for the generation of electricity and
heat. Bioethanol and biodiesel as well as diesel produced from biomass by Fischer–Tropsch synthesis are the most modern
biomass-based transportation fuels. Bio-ethanol is a petrol additive/substitute. It is possible that wood, straw and even
household wastes may be economically converted to bio-ethanol. Bio-ethanol is derived from alcoholic fermentation of
sucrose or simple sugars, which are produced from biomass by hydrolysis process. Currently crops generating starch, sugar
or oil are the basis for transport fuel production. There has been renewed interest in the use of vegetable oils for making
biodiesel due to its less polluting and renewable nature as against the conventional petroleum diesel fuel. Biodiesel