文档介绍：:asinglesellerofawell-,governmentlicense,:radioandtelevisionstationNaturalbarrierstoentrycreatenaturalmonopoly,whichisanindustryinwhichonefirmcansupplytheentiremarketatalowerpricethantwoormorefirmscan.(Economiesofscale)Example::onesellerAvailabilityofsubstitutes:noDegreeofelasticity:generallyinelasticPricingpolicy:price-makerBarrierstoentry/exit:highEconomicprofits:yesP>MC,P>*P*MR=MCFindthepointonDDecideP*andQ*-weightlossPQACandMCQmPmDWL::before80PriceQuantityDemandATC70100Profit=$$200090110190$1200Profit=$3200PriceDiscrimination:afterConditions:Consumershavedifferentpriceelasticity;Higherpriceforlowerelasticityconsumers;:Downwardslopingdemandcurve(pricesearcher)AtleasttwoidentifiablegroupsofcustomerswithdifferentpriceelasticitiesofdemandfortheproductPreventthecustomerspayingthelowerpricefromresellingtheproducttothecustomerspayingthehigherprice(noarbitrage)Pricediscriminationreducesthisinefficiencybyincreasingoutputtowardthequantitywheremarginalbenefitequalsmarginalcost,:Ifitwerepossibleforthemonopolisttochargeeachconsumerthemaximumtheyarewillingtopayforeachunit,wherewouldbenodeadweightloss,