文档介绍：30 Nov 2001 11:1 AR AR146- AR146- LaTeX2e(2001/05/10) P1: GSR
Annu. Rev. Psychol. 2002. 53:401–33
Copyright
c 2002 by Annual Reviews. All rights reserved
ADULT CLINICAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGY:
Lessons from Studies of the Frontal Lobes
Donald T. Stuss1 and Brian Levine2
The Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre for Geriatric Care, Departments of
Psychology and Medicine (1,2Neurology, 1Rehabilitation Science), University of Toronto,
Toronto, Ontario M6A 2E1; e-mail: ******@rotman-,
******@rotman-
Key Words neuropsychological assessment, brain functions, executive functions
■ Abstract Clinical neuropsychologists have adopted numerous (and sometimes
conflicting) approaches to the assessment of brain-behavior relationships. We review
the historical development of these approaches and we advocate an approach to clinical
neuropsychology that is informed by recent findings from cognitive neuroscience. Clin-
ical assessment of executive and emotional processes associated with the frontal lobes
of the human brain has yet to incorporate the numerous experimental neuroscience
findings on this topic. We review both standard and newer techniques for assessment
of frontal lobe functions, including control operations involved in language, memory,
attention, emotions, self-regulation, and social functioning. Clinical and experimental
research has converged to indicate the fractionation of frontal subprocesses and the
initial mapping of these subprocesses to discrete frontal regions. One anatomical dis-
tinction consistent in the literature is that between dorsal and ventral functions, which
can be considered cognitive and affective, respectively. The frontal lobes, in particular
the frontal poles, are involved in uniquely human capacities, including self-awareness
and mental time travel.
by UNIVERSITA ROMA LA SAPIEN on 02/25/05. For personal use only.
CONTENTS
Annu. Rev. Psychol. :401