文档介绍：PHANTOMMATERIALIZATION FOR HEADPHONE REPRODUCTION Jeroen Breebaart Philips Research NL-5656 AE Eindhoven herlands Erik Schuijers Philips Applied Technologies NL-5656 AE Eindhoven herlands ABSTRACT Conventional stereo audio material is often produced using amplitude panning techniques to achieve ?exible positioning of sound sources with a limited number of loudspeakers. Con- sequently, for faithful playback the orientation and position of the listener are very restricted. If stereo audio is reproduced over virtual loudspeakers on headphones incorporating head- tracking, these position and orientation restrictions limit the realism and spatial accuracy of the reproduction. In this pa- per, it will be outlined that amplitude panning and the corre- sponding phantom sound sources cause spatial quality limita- tions for headphone rendering. Anovel method to circumvent phantom imaging on headphones is presented and evaluated in a listening test. Index Terms—Headphones, Audio systems, phantom imaging, amplitude panning 1. INTRODUCTION Mobile audio has e increasingly popular during the last two decades. Mobility and social constraints dictate head- phones as a reproduction device on mobile players, often re- sulting in sound sources perceivedinsidethe head [1]. The absence of the effect of the acoustical pathway from sound sources at certain physical positions to the eardrums causes the