文档介绍：河北工程大学
硕士学位论文
保水剂对土壤水分入渗特性影响的研究
姓名:郭韦
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:农业水土工程
指导教师:郭凤台
2011
摘
摘
要
要
保水剂又称土壤保水剂、高吸水剂、保湿剂、高吸水性树脂、高分子吸水剂,
是利用强吸水性树脂制成的一种超高吸水保水能力的高分子聚合物,通过改善植
物根土界面环境供给植物水分。保水剂可以减少降雨或灌溉时水分的下渗流失或
蒸发,使植物达萎蔫点时间延长,减少灌水次数,提高水分利用效率。随着植物
生长与蒸散耗水,干旱时保水剂保蓄的水分慢慢释放以供作物利用,为植物生长
提供一个适宜的水分生态条件和水分供需条件。它能提高水分的水肥利用率,达
到节水增产的目的,进而为农业抗旱节水提供一种新途径和新方法。因此,保水
剂用于农业园林、医药卫生、日用化工、油水分离、建筑材料、污泥固化等领域。
本研究采取室内试验的方式,通过对影响土壤水垂直入渗和毛管水上升的多
种因素的分析,主要研究内容如下:
(1)通过选取、应用相关土壤水分入渗模型,并通过试验所测数据与模型计
算的数值进行比较,分析;
(2)通过保水剂的用量、层施厚度及层施深度三个方面,并结合试验与数学
模型,分析保水剂对土壤水分垂直入渗过程中累积入渗量、湿润锋运移特性和土
壤含水率的影响;
(3)通过保水剂的用量和层施深度两方面,并结合试验与土壤水分入渗模型
分析保水剂对毛管水上升过程中累积补给量、毛管水上升高度特性和土壤含水率
的影响。
关键词:保水剂;累计入渗量;入渗模型;
I
Abstract
Abstract
Super absorbent polymers soil of super absorbent polymers, also called high SAP,
moisturizing, superabsorbent resin, polymer SAP, is made of superabsorbent using
strong an ultra-high bibulous the polymers, the water ability by improving plant root
soil environmental supply plant moisture. Interface Super absorbent polymers can
reduce rainfall or irrigation water infiltration loss when evaporated, make plants reach
or prolonged, reduce wilting point and improve irrigation frequency water use
efficiency. As plant growth and water when evapotranspiration, drought of aquasorb
protect storage for the water slowly release crop utilization for plant growth, provide a
suitable water ecological condition and water supply and demand conditions. It can
improve the utilization ratio, reach moisture yield on the purpose of water-saving
agricultural drought, then for water-saving provide a new method and new methods.
Therefore, absorbent agent used in agriculture garden, medicine and health, daily
chemical, the oil-water separator, building materials, sludge curing, etc.
This study take indoor test mode, through to the affected soil water infiltration
and capillary water perpendicular to the analysis of the various factors rise, the main
research contents are as follows:
(1) th