文档介绍：华中科技大学
硕士学位论文
电场驱动稳定化纳米Pd/Fe对五氯酚污染土壤的修复研究
姓名:龙华运
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:环境工程
指导教师:袁松虎
2011-01-08
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摘要
五氯酚(pentachlorophenol,PCP)作为一种持久性难降解污染物在土壤/沉积物
中造成的污染问题越来越严重,目前对此类污染的修复研究也越来越受到人们的关
注。本文使用羧甲基纤维素(carboxymethyl cellulose,CMC)将被纳米零价铁双金
属体系进行改性并制得分散性较好的乳液,并与电场进行连用,研究了零价铁/电场
联合作用对于土壤中的五氯酚的修复效果。得到的主要结论如下:
(1)CMC 可以有效解决纳米钯铁制备时的团聚问题,有效提高了反应时的比
表面积,使得材料呈现出泥浆的状态适于在密实土壤中进行传输。
(2)改性纳米钯铁对于水相和土壤中五氯酚的降解率高于未改性纳米钯铁材
料, 在 pH= 时 60min 的去除率达到 %,在 pH= 时 60min 的去除率达到 61%;
而同等条件下未改性纳米钯铁材料的去除率分别为 60%和 34%。
(3)五氯酚在土壤中的吸附情况与土壤的 pH 值具有较大联系且随着 pH 的增
大,其吸附量逐渐减少,吸附过程可以用 Langmuir 方程来很好的拟合。
(4)电迁移 15 天的实验结果表明,在不改变极液 pH 的条件下土壤中仍然有
86%的五氯酚残留;在调整阴极液 pH 为 8 左右之后,土壤中五氯酚的残留率仅为
%,且大部分存在于极液中需要进一步处理。
(5)电场和 CMC 改性纳米钯铁材料连用对于土壤中的五氯酚具有较好的处理
效果,电场可以将中间区中的纳米钯铁材料有效地传输到土壤中与五氯酚进行接触,
15 天之后土壤中 %的五氯酚已经被去除,且大部分产物均为苯酚。

关键词:五氯酚 CMC改性纳米钯铁电场土壤修复
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Abstract
As a well-pound mainly used as a general herbicide,
pesticide and wood preservative, as well as an insecticide and broad-spectrum
pentachlorophenol (PCP) has caused a serious problem to the soil/sediment, which has
aroused a condense research into its treatment. In this thesis the zero valent iron coated
with palladium was scattered by the use of carboxymethyl cellulose and selected as the
treatment material. Furthermore, a direct current field was imposed into the polluted soil
to drive the movement of NZVI/Pd within the soil to obtain an effective treatment. The
main conclusions can be summed as followed:
(1) The use of CMC can effectively solve the proble of aggregation caused by
direct interparticle interactions such as vander Waals forces and ic interactions,
which greatly improve the specific surface area. When used to treat the PCP both in the
water and soil the material displayed a higher dechlorination performance.
(2) Compared with the NZVI/Pd NPs, CMC-stabilized NZVI/Pd slurry displayed a
better performance in PCP degradation both in solution and in the soil. In one