文档介绍：REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS, VOLUME 74, JANUARY 2002
Statistical mechanics works
Re´ka Albert* and Albert-La´szlo´ Baraba´si
Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
(Published 30 January 2002)
works describe a wide range of systems in nature and society. Frequently cited examples
include the cell, work of chemicals linked by chemical reactions, and the , work of
routers puters connected by physical links. While traditionally these systems have been
modeled as random graphs, it is increasingly recognized that the topology and evolution of real
networks are governed by anizing principles. This article reviews the recent advances in the
field works, focusing on the statistical mechanics work topology and dynamics.
After reviewing the empirical data that motivated the recent interest works, the authors discuss
the main models and analytical tools, covering random graphs, small-world and scale-works,
the emerging theory of works, and the interplay between topology and work’s
robustness against failures and attacks.
CONTENTS C. Random graphs with power-law degree
distribution 66
D. Bipartite graphs and the clustering coefficient 66
I. Introduction 48
VI. Small-works 67
II. The Topology of works: Empirical Results 49 A. The Watts-Strogatz model 67
A. World Wide Web 49 B. Properties of small-works 68
B. 50 1. Average path length 68
C. Movie actor work 52 2. Clustering coefficient 69
D. Science collaboration graph 52 3. Degree distribution 70
E. The web of human sexual contacts 52 4. Spectral properties 70
F. works 52 VII. Scale-works 71
G. works 53 A. The Baraba´si-Albert model 71
H. Phone work 53 B. Theoretical approaches 71
I. works 53 C. Limiting cases of the Baraba´si-Albert model 73
J. Networks in linguistics 53 D. Properties of the Baraba´si-Albert model 74
K. Power and works 54 1. Average path length 74
L. Protein folding 54 2. Node degree correlations 75
III. Random-Graph