遵输血规范--保用血安全.ppt

文档介绍：遵输血规范保用血安全
钱宝华
上海市临床输血质量控制中心
上海长海医院输血科
Known Pathogens
For which no assay is available
Leukocytes
Adverse immune responses and transfusion reactions
Bacteria
Introduced during collection
Emerging/Unknown
Viruses
False Negatives
Limits of detection of current assays (., window-period issue)
Risks Still Exist in Blood Transfusions
1:100
1:1000
1:10,000
1:100,000
1:1,000,000
‘84 ‘86 ’88 ‘90 ’92 ‘94 ’96 ’98 ‘00 ‘02
HIV
HCV
HBV
Transmission Risk per unit
Mistransfusion Fatalities (RBCs)
输血相关传染病
NAT/PCR 窗口期
血清学窗口期
数量
时间
感染的时间
病毒核酸
宿主对抗病毒的抗体
PCR 可检测病毒
血清学试验可检测抗体
PCR 检测可缩短窗口期
窗口期