文档介绍：Introduction Introduction Fungi are eukaryotes Fungi are eukaryotes Nearly all multicellular Nearly all multicellular (yeasts are unicellular) (yeasts are unicellular) Distinguished from other Distinguished from other kingdoms by: kingdoms by: Nutrition Nutrition anisation anisation Growth Growth Reproduction Reproduction Absorptive nutrition enables fungi to Absorptive nutrition enables fungi to live as posers and symbionts live as posers and symbionts Fungi are heterotrophs that acquire nutrients by Fungi are heterotrophs that acquire nutrients by absorption absorption Secrete hydrolytic enzymes and acids to pose Secrete hydrolytic enzymes and acids to pose complex molecules into simpler ones that can be complex molecules into simpler ones that can be absorbed absorbed Specialised into three main types: Specialised into three main types: Saprobes Saprobes - absorb nutrients from anic material - absorb nutrients from anic material Parasitic fungi Parasitic fungi - absorb nutrients from cells of living hosts; - absorb nutrients from cells of living hosts; some are pathogenic some are pathogenic Mutualistic fungi Mutualistic fungi - absorb nutrients from a host, but - absorb nutrients from a host, but reciprocate to benefit the host reciprocate to benefit the host Extensive surface area and rapid growth Extensive surface area and rapid growth adapt fungi for absorptive nutrition adapt fungi for absorptive nutrition Basic structural unit of Basic structural unit of fungal vegetative body fungal vegetative body ( ( mycelium mycelium ) is the ) is the hypha hypha Except for yeast, hyphae Except for yeast, hyphae anised around anised around and within food source: and within food source: Composed of tubular walls Composed of tubular walls containing containing chitin chitin Provide enormous surface Provide enormous surface area: 10cm area: 10cm 2 2 of soil may of soil may contain 1km of hyphae contain 1km of hyphae with 314cm