文档介绍：翻译技巧与实践
第四讲:增补词语与省略法
——技巧之
曾补法/增译法( amplification)
■为了使译文忠实地表达原文的意思与风格并
使译文合乎表达****惯,必需增加一些词语
是增补原文句法上的省略成分
二是根据原文语境的意思、逻辑关系以及译
文语言的行文****惯,在表达时增加原文字面
上没有但意思上包含的词语
(孙致礼,2003:85)
■1)翻译抽象名词时要适当增词
To develop发展 development发展水平状况
To persuade说服 persuasion说服工作
To prepare准备 preparation准备工作
Poor贫穷
poverty贫困状态
Emergent紧急的 emergency紧急情况
Tense紧张的
tension紧张局势
a In the summer of 1969, the Administration publicly
urged an easing of tensions with china
■1969年夏天,政府公开主张缓和同中国的紧张关系
2)在形容词前后加上它所说明的名词
■ She was sma∥ and slight in person,pale,sand
haired
■她身材瘦小,脸色苍白,头发是淡黄色的
These early cars were slow, clumsy, and
inefficient
■这些早期的汽车速度缓慢,操作笨批,而且效率
低下。
a Amelia took the news very palely and calmly
■艾米丽亚获悉这个消息时,脸色苍白,神情镇静。
3)具体名词表抽象概念时要增加适当的名词
He allowed the father to be overruled by the judge,
and declared his own son guilty
他让法官的职责战胜父子的私情,判他儿子有罪。
a He felt the patriot rise within his breast
他感到爱国热情在他胸前激荡。
4)增补某些固定词组的隐含语义成分
Air alarm空中袭击警报
■E| ectricity cuti减少电能供应
Solid engine固体燃料发动机
■ Logical computer逻辑程序计算机
ct t
曾加原文暗含的动词,副词,名词等
They had been through it all at his side
the
bruising battle the humiliation of the defeat
■他们始终站在他的一边,经历过残酷的厮杀,
过辛酸的失败…(增加动词)
a In some years, April bursts upon our Virginia
hills in one prodigious leap ---and all the
stage is filled at once whole choruses of
tulips arabesques of forsythia, cadenzas of
flowering plum
有几年的四月猛然一跃,突然来到了弗吉尼亚
的山坡上
转眼到处生机勃勃。郁金香盛
开m如张缴效
合唱队,连翘成了阿
式图笑,洋季花儿,务奇
具持色。
There were no speeches, no foreign
diplomats, no ordinary Chinese"with paper
flags and bouquets of flowers
■没有人发表演说,没有外国外交官到场,也没
有“普通中国人”挥舞纸旗、花東的彡景。
The snow melted away last night
■雪昨晚渐渐地融化了。(增副词)
■我认识的是麦克,不是安妮。
■ It is mike that丨know, not Annie.(增加表示强
调句式的词)
那位老人把手插在口袋里在田野里散步。
a Te old man was walking in the field with his
hands in his pockets(增加代词)
根据形式增加词语
1,根据两种语言的****惯表达形式在译文中适当增加词
aa big nation has its problems; a small nation has its
advantages
大国有大国的