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Grammar
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说明
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Attributive clause (限制性定语从句)
先行词和关系词
定语从句
关系代词如何引导定语从句
关系代词的使用方法
定语从句中需注意事项
附加部分<br****题
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定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等来担任,修饰名词。(以分词、介词短语为例)
例: The girl behind the tree is Kate.
The man driving too fast was a drunk.
定语从句
在英语中,修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。
例: The girl who is behind the tree is Kate.
The man who was driving too fast was a drunk.
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先行词和关系词
先行词:被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
先行词、关系词/引导词
{对等 }
代替
That is the bike which my father bought for me.
先行词=关系词 bike
关系词的作用:既引导定语从句,又在定 语从句中充当某种成分。
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关系代词如何引导定语从句
普通代词与关系代词的区别
I have a works in Shanghai.
代替 sister
I have a sister who/that works in Shanghai.
普通代词:只起代替的作用(如上例she)
关系代词: (如上例who/which)
1. 除了代替先行词外,
,
3. 同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句。
(把主句和从句连起来)
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说明如下
The building is our school.+The building stands by the river.= The building which/that stands by the river is our school.
先行词 关系词 从句
which、that 是关系代词,它在从句中代替先行词the building,
同时担任从句中的主语,也起连词的作用,把两个简单句连接 起来。
关系代词的使用取决于先行词,它们的关系非常密切,因为关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词,所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后,而且它的 人称、数必须和先行词一致。
The woman that/who is speaking at the meeting is my mother.
(主句) The woman is my mother
(从句) The woman is speaking at the meeting.
{主语是单数}
.
The women that/who are speaking at the meeting are
famous scientists.
(主句)The women are famous scientists.
(从句)The women are speaking at the meeting.
{主语是复数}
关系词判 断 步 骤 :
首先,要辨别出先行词。 如果先行词是指人,关系词可能就用
who,that,whom,whose。如果先行词指物,关系词可能用which或that
然后,要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表
先行词
主格
宾格
所有格
人
who,that
who(m),that
whose
物
which,that
which,that
whose,of which
最后,要确定关系代词的人称和数(请看以上例句