文档介绍：Classified Index: CODE:10075 : NO:20100633 A Dissertation for the Degree of Marts For “Zhulin Qixian” Candidate:LiuShiming Supervisor:Prof. JiangJianyun Academic Degree Applied for:Master of Arts Specialty:Chinese Classical Literature University:Hebei University Date of Oral Examination:June, 2013 摘要 I 摘要“竹林七贤”是魏末晋初的一群名士,此称谓最早见于东晋孙盛《魏氏春秋》,之后戴逵《竹林七贤论》、袁宏《竹林名士传》等作品均有提及,因此他们是中国历史上真实存在过的一个奇迹。魏晋,是中国古代有名的乱世,但却为我们缔造了一个文学自觉的时代,同时也成就了竹林七贤各自的玄学人生之路。阮籍特立独行、率真绝俗,在材与不材间游世,最终达到撄宁的至境,既养其身, 又保其真。而他“归趣难求”的《咏怀诗》与其悠远玄宗的文赋作品也成为中国文学史上一朵绽放着的生命之花,永不凋落。嵇康龙性难驯、天质自然,却陷入了“坚白之昧”的迷惑中,虽有独有至贵的人格魅力,终是养内伤外、失道亡身。而他古直高苍、一往必达的诗歌与其颓放自然、缜密精细的文赋创作却与阮籍并驾齐驱,故后人将他们称作曹魏后期的“双子星座”。除了嵇阮之外,七贤中有作品存世的便是向秀、刘伶与山涛了。向秀雅好庄学、容迹于世,其《思旧赋》《难养生论》情真意切、质朴自然;刘伶肆志纵情、以醉养神,其《北芒客舍诗》《酒德颂》萧散自然、疏野横绝;山涛顺时而动、急流勇退,其表文与启事质木无华、言简意赅。虽然情性不同,但他们的诗文作品皆为中国文学史增光添色不少。阮咸与王戎尽管无文学作品留世,但他们的人格魅力与生活道路也并不寻常。阮咸天性幽默,拥有着贫而不惫的无为人生;王戎至情至性,选择了自晦避嫌的官隐生活。当然,竹林七贤毕竟是一个整体,他们七人关系密切、交往不断,故形成了历史上有名的“竹林之游”。他们对药、酒及音乐有着不同的态度,并都与这些外物有着不解之缘。他们品性高洁、正气凛然,是真正不同流俗、超然独达的名士。后世文人一直在钦慕欣赏着他们的精神、争相模仿着他们的行为,故而在后世文学中便出现了许多关于“竹林七贤”的诗文意象。人们借七贤之意象,来表达自身的高洁心志与旷达品性,但竹林七贤却只能让人模仿、令人仰望。这是时代的不可重复性,因为历史只允许有一个“竹林七贤”。关键词竹林七贤人格精神诗文创作关系意象 Abstract II Abstract "Zhulin Qixian" were a group of celebritieswhich were born in Weidynasty and Jin dynasty. The titlewas first found in “WeiShiChunQiu” of SunCheng, then “A Theory of Zhulin Qixian”of Dai Kuiand “A Biography ofZhu Lin celebrities”of Yuan Hong refered to werea miraclewhich real existed in China's and Jin dynasty wasfamous tumultuous timesin the ancientChina, but it hadcreated an era of literary’consciousness for us. And it made respective metaphysics’lives of Zhulin Qixian. Ruanji had a maverickand unalloyedspirit. He was more and more maturefrom tactful to calm. he could not only protecthimselfbut also got his elusivepoemsof “Yong Huai” and profoundarticlealso becamea blooming flower of lifein the history of Chinese literatureand it never witheredandfell. Ji