文档介绍：English Grammar
Sentences
英语句子种类与类型
I、句子种类（按交际用途分）
陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、
THERE-BE存在句
II、句子类型（按句子结构分）
简单句、并列句、复合句、并列复合句
提纲
I、句子种类（按交际用途分）
陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、
感叹句、THERE-BE存在句
1、陈述句说明一个事实或陈述一个看法，有肯定式和否定式，语序是主语在前，谓语在后。
She arrived early.
She cannot have arrived now.
I、句子种类
2、疑问句有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反义疑问句。
I、句子种类
1）一般疑问句用来询问一件事，答案通常是yes或 no，注意语序。
Have you anything to say?
Did someone phone me last night?
---Haven’t you been to the UK?
---No, I haven’t.
2）特殊疑问句疑问词有who,whose,what,which,where,when,why,how等。
I、句子种类
（1）陈述语序
Who was the first man in space?
（2）倒装语序
Who are you talking about?
I、句子种类
3）选择疑问句

(1)以一般疑问句为基础
Is he a teacher or a doctor or a policeman?
Shall I help you or can you manage?
(2)以特殊疑问句为基础
Which do you like, red wine or white?
How shall we go there? By bus or by train?
I、句子种类
4）反义疑问句问：+，-？或-，+？
答：+，+. 或-，-.
hardly knows French, ______ ______?
2.—Mary didn't fail her exam, did she?
---______, she didn’t.
needn’t come, ______ you?
You need to come, ______ you?
had a big time there, ______ he?
He had a car, ______ he?
We hardly have to get up early, ______ we?
used to live in Leeds, ______ he?
does he
No
must
don’t
didn’t
didn’t
do
didn’t
3、祈使句
表达命令、要求、请求、劝告等，用原形。
I、句子种类
1）带第二人称的祈使句
Be quiet, please. Don’t make any noise!
You call a taxi. Don’t you forget it.(强调)
Give me a hand, will/won’t/would/wouldn’ you?
2）带第一、三人称的祈使句
Let me try again. Let’s go. Let us go.
Let’s not say anything about it./Don’t let’s say…
Let him be here by 10 o’clock.
I、句子种类
3、祈使句
注意：
1、加强语气
Do be careful of my broken leg.
Do let me have another try.
2 、祈使句的省略式
A:Shall I open the window?
B:Yes, please do./ No, please don’t.
A:Shall we watch the game?
B:Yes, let’s.