文档介绍：Infertility and Assisted Reproductive Technologies 不孕症和辅助生殖技术
XIN LU
Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital
Fudan University
2006-3-1
Contents
Infertility
Definition;
Causes;
Examinations and Diagnosis;
Treatment;
Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) ;
Intrauterine insemination ( IUI);
In vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET);
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI);
Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT);
DEFINITION of Infertility 不孕症定义
What is Infertility?
Infertility is defined two years of unprotected intercourse without pregnancy.
(WHO, one year)
Primary Infertility : no previous pregnancies
原发不孕 have occurred;
Secondary Infertility: a prior pregnancy has
继发不孕 occurred;
Age and Infertility 年龄与不孕
age fertility abortion
Fertility rate <30 yr 74% %
per 1,000 30-35 yr 62% %
>35 yr 54% %
>40 yr %
female male
10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Female Reproductive duct anatomy 女性生殖道解剖
Female
ovary 卵巢
fallopian 输卵管
uterus 子宫
cervix 宫颈
Vagina 阴道
Male Reproductive duct anatomy 男性生殖道解剖
Male
testis 睾丸
epididymis 附睾,
prostate 前列腺
vas deferens 输精管
seminal vesicals 精囊
bulbourethral glands 尿道球腺
ejaculatory duct 射精管
urethra 尿道
Female Reproductive Physiology 女性生殖生理
1. 下丘脑-垂体-卵巢轴内分泌调节 Femal Male
( H-P-O) (H-P-T)
GnRH GnRH
FSH,LH FSH,LH
E/P T
4.
2. 卵巢周期性排卵 5. 宫颈
6. 下生殖道
hypothalamus
ovary
pituitary
子宫
ovary
4.
子宫
Normal Gestation -----the beginning of human
Follopian tube
Uterine
ovary oocyte
Cervix
Extra-genital tract
sperm
Causes 原因
Causes Percentage
Female factors 40-55 %
Male factors 25-40 %
Both male and
female factors 20 %
Immunologic
unexplained factors 10 %
Female Factors 女方因素
Ovulatory dysfunction
(排卵障碍)
Pelvic factors
(盆腔因素)