Al-Si-Mg系锻铝合金真空钎焊低熔点钎料研究.pdf

文档介绍：河北工业大学工程硕士学位论文

系锻铝合金真空钎焊低熔点钎料的研究

摘要

为了开发出适合于系锻铝合金真空钎焊用低熔点钎料,本文根据真空钎焊
原理和金属学等基础理论,通过分析各种元素的合金化作用,确定出钎料的主要添加元素,
通过引入正交设计试验方法,成功的以较少的试验次数和辅以正交设计分析计算寻找出主
要添加元素铜、硅、镍对铝钎料铺展性能、熔化温度及熔化温度区间和接头剪切强度的影
响规律,并采用扫描电镜、能谱分析等测试手段观察和分析包括镁在内的几
种主要添加元素对铝钎料微观组织的影响,配制出几种性能较好的钎料。
通过进一步对新钎料的铺展性、熔化温度和接头力学性能进行试验测定,对新钎料及
其真空钎焊搭接接头的微观组织和相组成进行观察和分析,综合比较出铺展性能、熔化温
度及熔化温度区间和接头剪切强度几个指标达到最佳平衡组合的钎料,进而确定出铜、硅、
镍和镁几种主要添加元素在钎料中的合适比例。
研究结果表明,本文提出的系列钎料具有较低的熔化温度和较窄的
熔化温度区间,具有较好的铺展性能,钎焊接头具有良好的力学性能,钎料具有一定的塑
性,真空钎焊工艺性能良好,并且制造成本较低,具有一定的推广使用价值。

关键词:低熔点,钎料,锻铝合金,真空钎焊














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Al-Si-Mg系锻铝合金真空钎焊低熔点钎料的研究
THE STUDY OF LOW-MELTING-POINT FILLER METAL
FOR Al-Si-Mg SERIES ALLOYS VACUUM BRAZING



ABSTRACT


In order to develop the low-melting-point filler metal for Al-Si-Mg series alloys vacuum
brazing, the author work out the main adding element according to the theory of vacuum brazing
and metallography. The author essfully finds out the affecting rules of the main adding
elements such as copper, silicon, nickel to the spreading characteristics, melting point, molten
temperature area and shearing strengthen of joint with fewer experiments owing to the
orthogonal test. The influence of several main adding elements including magnesium to the
microstructure of aluminum brazing filler metal is analyzed with SEM and EDX and several
brazing filler metal of moderate property was developed.
This result show that the optimal brazing filler metal of the spreading characteristics,
melting point, molten temperature area and shearing strengthen can be got through the measuring
of the spreading characteristics, melting point, and the mechanical property and the analyzing of
the microstructure of the new brazing filler metal and the joint of the vacuum brazing. Through
this we make sure the proportion of the main adding elements such as copper, silicon, nickel and
magnesium.
It was found that