文档介绍：Integrated Disease and Pest Management.
An introduction
30-50% of the yield, world-wide, is lost due to pest and disease attack.
Leaf-miner damage on tomato leaf
Scarb beetle grub damage to peanut’s shells
In severe epidemics, losses may reach 80-100% of the attainable yield !
Potato plot devastated by Phytophthora infestans, the causal agent of late blight
Plot treated with fungicides
Plot treated with fungicides
To prevent the losses, growers have to manage the pests and the disease.
In this course we discuss the various measures used for pest and disease control and deal with their integration
The term “integrated Pest Management”(IPM) was used in the first time in 1952 by the entomologists Michelbacher & Bacon.
In 1966, Smith & Reynolds defined IPM as:
Integrated Pest Management
“an approach for pest management that integrates control measures in order to suppress the pest population below the economic level”
In the 1960’s and 1970’s the goal of IPM was to optimize pesticide use to lower the cost of pest management, and to reduce the risk for development of pest populations res