文档介绍：Energy in Nature and Society
Also by Vaclav Smil
China’s Energy Energies
Energy in the Developing World Feeding the World
(editor, with W. E. Knowland)
Enriching the Earth
Energy Analysis in Agriculture
(with P. Nachman and T. V. Long II) The Earth’s Biosphere
Biomass Energies Energy at the Crossroads
The Bad Earth Creating the Twentieth Century
Carbon–Nitrogen–Sulfur Transforming the Twentieth Century
Energy, Food, Environment Energy: A Beginner’s Guide
Energy in China’s Modernization
General Energetics
China’s Environmental Crisis
Global Ecology
Energy in World History
Cycles of Life
VACLAV SMIL
Energy in Nature and Society
General Energetics plex Systems
The MIT Press
Cambridge, Massachusetts
London, England
( 2008 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be repro-
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This book was set in Galliard, Bodoni, and Futura on
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Printed on recycled paper and bound in the United
States of America.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Smil, Vaclav.
Energy in nature and society : general energetics of
complex systems / Vaclav Smil.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-262-19565-2 (hardcover : alk. paper)—
978-0-262-69356-1 (pbk.: alk. paper)
1. Bioenergetics. 2. Energy budget (Geophysics)
I. Title.
2008
—dc22 2007002801
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C ONTENTS
Preface ix Geoenergetics: Heat, Plate Tectonics,
Volcanoes, Earthquakes 47
1 The Universal Link: Energetics, Energy, and
Power 1 3 Photosynthesis: Bioenergetics of Primary
Evolution of Energetics: From Aristotle to Production 61
Einstein 2 Photosynthetic Pathway