文档介绍：1 课程设计(学年论文) 课题名称: FTA 在加油站安全评价中的应用 I 摘要近年来,伴随经济的飞速发展,各地的机动车也在迅速增加,为之提供能源的配套服务设施--城市机动车公共加油站也以同样的速度增加。由于加油站经营的油品和气体燃料具有易燃、易爆、易产生静电、易挥发、易渗漏和毒性等危险特性,一旦发生事故,不易控制,发生事故影响较大。一段时间来,由于加油站设施不符合安全要求、设备使用不当、安全管理制度和操作规程不健全、员工业务素质低等原因,使加油站火灾、爆炸、污染环境等事故频频发生,给企业、社会造成很大损失,严重影响了企业的经营生产和周围环境。所以,提高和加强加油站的安全技术与管理水平显得尤为重要。安全评价即风险评价是提高汽车加油站安全管理水平和事故颀防技术水平的有效手段,也是西方工业发达国家的成功经验。实际应用表明,开展加油站安全评能使系统有效地减少事故和职业危害;能对其全过程、全方位的安全控制指导;合理选择安全投资。 FTA 即事故树分析,是系统安全分析方法中得到广泛应用的一种方法。它能对各种系统的危险性进行辨识和评价,即适用于定性分析,又能定量分析,具有应用范围广和简明、形象的特点,体现了系统性、准确性和预测性,因此, FTA 作为安全分析和预测事故是一种科学的和先进的方法。本文重点是利用 FTA 对加油站安全评价的实例进行分析,总结出加油站安全技术关键及其事故预防措施,对加油站规范的一些建议,对加油站进行安全展望。关键词:加油站,危险源辨识,安全评价, FTA ,安全管理技术 II abstract Inrecent years ,along with the rapid development ofeconomy ,the motor vehicle also inall increase quickly ,provide the energy service facilities -city inthe same vehicle public petrol station inthe speed increase 。 Because ofthe oil and gas business with fuel gas inflammable ,explosive , easy toproduce static ,volatile ,easy toleakage and toxic hazard properties , once accident ,not easy tocontrol ,accident influence isbigger 。For awhile , because gas station facilities not meet safety requirements ,equipment use undeserved ,safety management system and operation procedures not perfect , the professional quality staff lower reason that gas station fire ,explosion , environmental pollution accidents occurred frequently ,tothe enterprise , society caused much damage ,and this seriously influences the enterprise's management production and the surrounding environment 。So,improve and enhance the safety ofgas technology and management level isparticularly important 。 Safety assessment isrisk assessment istoraise the level ofsafety management ofapetrol station and accident prevention delight the technical level ofthe effective method ,also isthe western industrial the essful experience ofdeveloped countries 。The practical application showed that ,in station security evaluation can make the system effectively reduce acci