文档介绍：Review
Special Issue: Prostate Cancer
TheScientificWorldJOURNAL (2010) 10, 1854–1869
TSW Urology
ISSN 1537-744X; DOI .179

Radiotherapeutic Strategies in the
Management of Low-Risk Prostate Cancer
Kevin S. Choe1 and Stanley L. Liauw2,*
1Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical
Center, Dallas, TX; 2Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of
Chicago Hospitals, Chicago, IL
E-mail: kevin.******@; ******@
Received July 22, 2010; Revised August 16, 2010, Accepted August 28, 2010; Published September 14, 2010
Prostate cancer is the most common nonskin malignancy among men in the United
States. Since the introduction of screening with prostate-specific antigen (PSA), most
patients are being diagnosed at an early stage with low-risk disease. For men with low-
risk prostate cancer, there exists an array of radiotherapeutic strategies that are effective
and well tolerated, such as external-beam radiotherapy and brachytherapy. In recent
years, there have been tremendous advances in the field of radiation oncology that have
transformed the way radiation is used to treat prostate cancer, such as intensity-
modulated radiotherapy, image-guided radiotherapy, and stereotactic radiotherapy. It is
now feasible to deliver high doses of radiation to the target volume with improved
precision and spare more of the neighboring tissues from potentially damaging radiation.
Disease outcomes are generally excellent in low-risk prostate cancer. Improvements are
expected with further integration of innovative technologies in radiation delivery, tumor
imaging, and target localization.
KEYWORDS: prostate cancer, radiation, radiotherapy, brachytherapy, hypofractionation,
stereotactic body radiotherapy

INTRODUCTION
Prostate cancer is the m