E__wcb_生物信息学（中译本）_第七章 序列比.pdf

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Gregory
National Center for Biotechnology Information
National Library of Medicine. National Institutes of Health
Bethesda. Maryland
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೼⫳⠽ᄺⱘⷨおЁ᳝ϔϾᐌ⫼ⱘᮍ⊩ህᰃ䗮䖛↨䕗ߚᵤ㦋প᳝⫼ⱘֵᙃ੠ⶹ䆚DŽ䖒ᇨ᭛ℷ
ᰃⷨお↨䕗њgalapagos finchesৠ݊ᅗϔѯ⠽⾡ⱘᔶᗕᄺ⡍ᕕˈҢ㗠ᦤߎњ㞾✊䗝ᢽᄺ䇈DŽ
Ҟ໽ˈ៥Ӏᇍ෎಴੠㲟ⱑ䋼ᑣ߫䖯㸠↨䕗ˈҢᴀ䋼Ϟᴹ䆆ᰃৠ䖒ᇨ᭛ϔḋˈ䖯㸠ৠḋⱘߚ
ᵤˈাϡ䖛᳈ࡴ㊒㒚ˈ᳈ࡴ䆺ሑDŽ೼䖭ϾᛣНϞˈ៥ӀҢḌ䝌ҹঞ⇼෎䝌ⱘሖ⃵এߚᵤᑣ߫
ⱘⳌৠ⚍੠ϡৠ⚍ˈҹᳳ㛑໳᥼⌟ᅗӀⱘ㒧ᵘǃࡳ㛑ҹঞ䖯࣪Ϟⱘ㘨㋏DŽ᳔ᐌ⫼ⱘ↨䕗ᮍ⊩
ᰃᑣ߫↨ᇍˈᅗЎϸϾ៪᳈໮Ͼᑣ߫ⱘ⅟෎П䯈ⱘⳌѦ݇㋏ᦤկњϔϾ䴲ᐌᯢ⹂ⱘ೒䈅DŽ೼
䖭ϔゴˈ៥Ӏা䅼䆎ϔϟঠ䞡↨ᇍˈेা↨䕗ϸϾᑣ߫ˈ㟇Ѣ䕗໮ⱘᑣ߫े໮ᑣ߫↨ᇍˈᇚ
೼㄀ܿゴҟ㒡DŽ
ϗकᑈҷҹᴹˈDNA⌟ᑣᮍ⊩ⱘ亲䗳থሩˈᵕ໻ഄᓩথњᑣֵ߫ᙃ䞣ⱘᠽ๲ˈҢ㗠Փৃկ↨䕗
ⱘᑣ᭄߫䞣ਜ⦄⟚⚌ᓣ๲䭓DŽߚᄤ⫳⠽ᄺᆊᑨ䆹ᛣ䆚ࠄˈᇚ᳾ⶹᑣ߫ৠᭈϾ᭄᥂ᑧЁⱘᏆⶹ
ᑣ߫䖯㸠↨䕗ߚᵤᏆ㒣៤ЎҪӀ᠟ЁϔϾᔎ᳝࡯ⱘⷨお᠟↉DŽ೼䖛এⱘϝकᑈ䞠ˈेՓϡᦤ
ঞ䅵ㅫᴎⱘᑨ⫼ˈᑣ߫↨䕗ⱘ৘⾡ㅫ⊩гᏆ㒣থሩᕫ䍞ᴹ䍞䖙䗳ˈг䍞ᴹ䍞៤❳ˈᏆ㒣㛑໳
䎳Ϟᑣ᭄߫᥂ᑧ๲䭓ⱘℹӤDŽҞ໽ˈ៥ӀᏆ㒣ᢹ᳝ϔѯᇣⱘ῵ᓣ⠽⾡ⱘ෎಴㒘ⱘܼᑣ߫ˈ䖬
ᢹ᳝Ҏ㉏෎಴ᑣ߫ⱘϔѯ䕗໻ⱘḋકˈ៥ӀᏆ㒣䖯ܹ↨䕗෎಴㒘ᯊҷˈгህᰃ䇈ˈᇍϸϾ⠽
䖯㸠ܼ෎಴㒘ᑣ߫↨䕗Ꮖ㒣ϡݡᰃϔϾṺᛇDŽ⾡
ᑣ߫↨ᇍⱘ䖯࣪෎⸔
䖯㸠ᑣ߫↨ᇍⱘⳂⱘПϔᰃ䅽ҎӀ㛑໳߸ᮁϸϾᑣ߫П䯈ᰃ৺݋᳝䎇໳ⱘⳌԐᗻˈҢ㗠߸ᅮ
ˈѠ㗙П䯈ᰃ৺݋᳝ৠ⑤ᗻDŽؐᕫ⊼ᛣⱘᰃˈⳌԐᗻ੠ৠ⑤ᗻ㱑✊೼ᶤ⾡⿟ᑺϞ݋᳝ϔ㟈ᗻ
ԚᅗӀᰃᅠܼϡৠⱘϸϾὖᗉDŽⳌԐᗻᰃᣛϔ⾡ᕜⳈ᥹ⱘ᭄䞣݇㋏ˈ↨བ䚼ߚⳌৠ៪ⳌԐⱘ
ⱒߚ↨៪݊ᅗϔѯড়䗖ⱘᑺ䞣ˈ㗠ৠ⑤ᗻᰃᣛҢϔѯ᭄᥂Ё᥼ᮁߎⱘϸϾ෎಴೼䖯࣪Ϟ᳒݋
᳝݅ৠ⼪ܜⱘ㒧䆎ˈᅗᰃ䋼ⱘ߸ᮁDŽ෎಴П䯈㽕Мৠ⑤ˈ㽕Мϡৠ⑤ˈ㒱ϡ䈵ⳌԐᗻ䙷ḋ݋
᳝໮៪ᇥⱘ᭄䞣݇㋏DŽབ೒⼎ˈ↨䕗ᆊ哴੠ᇣ啭㱒ⱘৠ⑤ⱘ㛄㲟ⱑ䝊ᑣ߫ˈথ⦄ᅗӀ݋
᳝41%ⱘⳌԐᗻDŽ
⬅Ѣফࠄⷨお䖯࣪݇㋏䖭ϔⳂⱘⱘᕅડˈ໻໮᭄↨ᇍᮍ⊩ᕜ㞾✊ഄ䛑Ꮰᳯ㛑໳೼ᶤ⾡⿟ᑺϞ
ϡᮁব࣪㗠ᴹˈԚџᅲܜ⼪ᅮৠ⑤ᑣ߫ᰃҢᶤϔ݅ৠ؛ᓎゟ䍋ߚᄤ䖯࣪ⱘ῵ൟDŽ៥Ӏ䗮ᐌ䛑
Ϟˈ៥Ӏ᮴⊩ᕫⶹ䖭Ͼ⼪ܜᑣ߫ࠄᑩᰃҔМḋᄤˈ䰸䴲㛑໳Ң࣪⷇Ё㦋ᕫᅗⱘDNAˈ៥Ӏ᠔㛑
ᑣ߫ҹᴹ᠔থ⫳ⱘব࣪ࣙᣀপҷǃᦦܹҹঞܜ⼪ࠄⱘাᰃҢ⦄ᄬ⠽⾡Ёˈ᥶∖ⳳⳌDŽҢخ໳
㔎༅DŽ೼⧚ᛇᚙމϟˈৠ⑤෎಴៪㲟ⱑ䋼ᑣ߫೼ⳌѦ↨䕗ᯊˈ⅟෎П䯈ⳌѦᇍᑨˈҢ㗠Փপ
ҷⱘᚙމᕜᯢᰒഄ㸼⦄ߎᴹDŽ೼ᶤѯԡ㕂ˈϔϾᑣ߫Ёᢹ᳝ᶤѯ⅟෎㗠঺ϔϾᑣ
Bioinformatics: A Practical Guide to the Analysis of Genes and Proteins
Edited by and
ISBN 0•471•19196• 145•171. Copyright© 1998 Wiley•Liss. Inc.
file://E:\wcb\⫳⠽ֵᙃᄺ˄Ё䆥ᴀ˅?㄀ϗゴᑣ߫↨ᇍ੠᭄᥂ᑧ᧰㋶.htm 2005•1•18
CH ㄀ϗゴᑣ߫↨ᇍ੠᭄᥂ᑧ᧰㋶义ⷕˈ2/28 CH
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߫Ё㔎ᇥ䖭⾡⅟෎ˈ㸼ᯢ䖭ѯ⅟෎ᰃᦦܹࠄࠡ㗙៪ᰃҢৢ㗙Ё϶༅ⱘDŽ䖭ѯぎԡ೼ᑣ߫↨ᇍ
ᯊ⫼䖲㓁ⱘⷁ㒓฿㸹DŽབ೒೼ᑣ߫↨ᇍЁˈথ⦄њϾぎԡDŽ
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