文档介绍：I 摘要案外第三人撤销诉讼程序起源于法国,我国台湾和澳门也确立了该制度。该制度的实质在于通过赋予案外第三人启动再审的权利和主体资格,使其获得对抗生效判决不利影响的事后救济手段。本文考察了法国和我国台湾、澳门的案外第三人撤销诉讼程序,并主要从提起主体、管辖、诉讼时效和判决效力等四个方面,对该制度进行了比较分析。上述国家和地区成功的制度经验为我国案外第三人撤销诉讼程序的建构提供了有益的借鉴。由于社会关系日益复杂且连续相继,生效判决所影响的范围,不仅仅牵涉到案件当事人,而且往往也会牵涉到当事人以外的其他人。从适应社会关系的变化、保护合法权利以及维护司法权威三个方面的需要考虑,有必要对案外第三人提供相应救济。然而,我国法律对案外第三人的救济存在不足之处,其主要原因在于申诉、执行异议和另行起诉不能解决事实认定与既判力冲突问题。而能较好解决上述冲突的再审,又由于案外第三人不属于当事人而不能主动提起,从而导致对案外第三人权益的保护陷入困境。笔者主张建构我国的案外第三人撤销诉讼程序, 赋予案外第三人提起再审的资格与权利。我国建构案外第三人撤销诉讼程序的可行性主要表现在两个方面:其一为理论基础。诉的利益功能的加强,提供了对案外第三人权利进行救济的理论基础; 当事人适格的范围扩张,提供了再审主体扩张的理论基础;判决效力主观范围的扩张及例外,提供了案外第三人寻求救济必要性的理论基础。其二为制度基础。第三人制度与案外第三人撤销诉讼程序密不可分,我国目前已经建立了相对完整的第三人制度,为我国建构案外第三人撤销诉讼程序提供了制度基础,但需要借鉴法国、我国台湾和澳门的第三人制度,对我国的第三人制度加以完善,从而巩固该制度基础。在参照法国、我国台湾和澳门立法规定的基础上,笔者主张从主体界限和具体程序设置两个方面来建构案外第三人撤销诉讼程序。关键词: 案外第三人;第三人;再审;诉的利益;判决效力 II ABSTRACT The procedure of discharging the judgment by the third party not involved in the original trial was originated from Fr ance, Taiwan region and Macao Special Administrative Region also have establis hed the same system. The essential of the system is to make the third party menti oned above receive afterwards relief to withstand detrimental in fluence of effective judgment by endowing the pe rson with the rights and subject qualification of starting review. In the article, such systems in France, Chinese Taiwan region and Macao Special Administrative Region are in troduced. parative anal ysis of such systems is implemented specially in following four fi elds: subject, jurisd iction, limitation of actions and validity of judgment. essful experience on such systems of the above country and regions can be used for reference to construct the similar system of our own by our country. With social relationship ing more and plicated and continuously essive, effective judgment will influence not only litigan ts, but also other persons who are not litigants usually. C onsidering changes of social relationship, protection of licit rights and maintenance of ju st