文档介绍：D1 The immune system
D2 Antibody structure
D3 Polyclonal and monoclonal antidies
D4 Antibody synthesis
D5 Antibodies as tools
Section D ---Antibodies
Functions
The immune system has two main function to recognize invading pathogens and then to trigger pathways that will destroy them. The humoral immune system relies on β lymphocytes to produce soluble antibodies that will bind the foreign antigens. The cellular immune system uses killer T lymphocytes that recognize and invading cells directly.
D1 The Immune System
Primary and secondary immune responses
The primary immune responses occurs on initial contract with a foreign and results in production of immunoglobulin M (lgM) and then immunoglobulin G (lgG). If the same antigens encountered again, immuno-logical memory leads to a secondary immune responses that produces a much more rapid and larger increase in specific IgG production.
IgM
IgG
IgG
Primary and secondary immune responses
The primary immune response occurs on initial contact with a foreign antigen and results in production of immunoglobulin M and then IgG.
If the same antigen is encountered again,immunological memory leads to a secondary immune rsponse that produces a much more rapid and larger increase in specific IgG production.
Primary and secondary immune responses
Clonal selection theory
A large number of antibody-producing cells exist in an animal even before it encounters a foreign antigen, each cell producing only one specific antibody and displaying this on its cell surface. An antigen binds to cells that display antibodies with appropriate binding sites and causes proliferation of those cells to form clones of cells secreting the same antibody in high concentration.
Clonal selection