文档介绍：国际贸易中合同欺诈
Fraud in Contract in the Course of International Trade
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欺诈 Fraud （in contract）
合同一方通过其表述，使另一方因此陷入错误的认识。但表述的一方其实并不能确信自己表述内容的真实性。
Fraud is committed where one man causes another to act on a false belief by a representation which he does not himself believe to be true.
不要求表述的一方确信自己表述内容一定是不真实的。
He need not have definite knowledge or belief that it is not true.
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合同欺诈 fraud in contract
买卖合同当事人一方用歪曲或隐瞒事实真相，进行虚假陈述，从而使对方陷于错误认识，以达到使对方同意订立买卖合同目的的行为。
One of the parties in the contract misrepresents terms of contract, as to distort or disguise truth in the contract, and make the other party misunderstand the content of contract, thus form the contract.
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合同成立的六个要素 Six essentials of a valid contract
要约与承诺
Offer and acceptance
缔约意图
Intention to create legal relation
形式或对价
Form or valuable consideration
缔约能力
Legal capacity
真意
Genuine consent
合法性
Legality of objects
错误 Mistake
误述 Misrepresentation
(Fraudulent/Innocent/
Negligent misrepresentation欺诈/清白
/疏忽误述)
Duress 胁迫
Undue influence 不当影响
Unconscionable conducts
不合理的行为
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合同欺诈的法律后果 Effect of fraud in contract
可撤销 Voidable
损失赔偿 Claim for compensation
Under the UNIDROIT principles, a party can avoid a contract on the ground of fraud which has caused that party to enter into the contract, if the other party has made a fraudulent representation, which may include language or practices, or fraudulent non-disclosure of circumstances which, according to reasonable commercial standards of fair dealing, the latter party should have disclosed.
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合同欺诈的种类 types of fraud
虚假的质量欺诈行为 quality of goods
虚假合同主体的欺诈行为 subject
虚假的价格和宣传欺诈行为
price and promotion conduct
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合同欺诈的特征 features of fraud in contract
合同是欺诈的手段 contract as a method
欺诈方对所订立的合同中的主要条款或关键性内容虚假陈述，或利用两国之间信息不对称而隐瞒事实真相，致使对方陷于错误认识，进而在意思表示不真实的情况下与他人签订欺诈性合同。
One party made misrepresentation about the conditions in the contract or suppressed the truth by the information asymmetry between two nations to the other party who act