文档介绍：Chapter 8 microbial ecology and ecological engineering
Microbial ecology is a science designed to study the interaction between and the environment which is consisted of two parts——biosurrounding and non-bio surrounding .
microbes
Microflora or normal flora(微生物区系或正常菌群)
Ecosystem is a system formed by the living creatures in a certain sphere and their closely related non-biological surroundings. In the system, the material and the energy is constantly circulated between the creatures and between the creatures and the environment, thus form a self-sustainable, relatively stable and independent integrated system.
10 levels in the biological research
Biosphere(生物圈)
Ecosystem(生态系统)
Community(群落)
Population(种群)
an
Tissue
anelle
molecule
Research range of ecology
biosphere
Hydrosphere
Lithosphere
atmosphere
Aquatic ecosystem
Producer——cyanobacteria and algae
Consumer——human and animals
poser——bacteria and plankton(浮游生物)
Microbial microenvironment (微生物的微环境)is the environment where the microbes are numberless microbial microenvironment on the earth, and every microenvironment itself is heterologous due to the rapid physical and chemical changes resulted from the different time and spaces.
Environmental gradients(环境梯度)
As far as food is concerned, a practical example is when a dilute syrup is added to the surface of a cup of dense syrup, facultative osmo philic microbes (兼性嗜渗微生物)will select the upper layer of dilute syrup to live in and the obligate osmophiles would choose the bottom layer to live in.
Limits of tolerance (耐受限度)
The range of a certain ecological factor from the maximun to the minimum that the microbe can withstand
for example, the pH limited for the mould is ~10.
Food as a special microbial ecosystem
Heterologous
Surface environment , biofilm and nata (纳塔)
Nutritional provision
Biomass and growth rate
Population munity ession