文档介绍：Laser spectroscopy and quantum optics
T. W. Ha¨nsch and H. Walther
Sektion Physik der Universita¨tMu¨nchen and Max-Planck-Insitut fu¨r Quantenoptik,
D-85748 Garching, Germany
In this paper the authors discuss recent advances and trends in laser spectroscopy and quantum optics.
It is obvious that both are fields that experienced a tremendous development in the last twenty years.
Therefore the survey must be plete, and only a few highlights are touched on.
[S0034-6861(99)04802-3]
I. FRONTIERS OF LASER SPECTROSCOPY ode laser amplifiers or injection-seeded wide-stripe la-
sers yield substantial average power and can replace
Although spectroscopy has taught us most of what we much more costly plex dye-laser systems. Ar-
know about the physics of matter and light, it has re- rays of diode lasers operating at many different wave-
peatedly been overshadowed by seemingly more glam- lengths, blue gallium nitride diode lasers, and quantum
orous pursuits in physics, only to reemerge with unex- cascade lasers covering the important mid-infrared spec-
pected vigor and innovative power. The advent of tral region are further enhancing the arsenal of spectro-
widely tunable and highly monochromatic dye lasers scopic tools.
around 1970 ushered in a revolution in optical spectros- The generation of harmonics, sum or difference fre-
copy that has redefined the purpose and direction of the quencies in nonlinear crystals, which can extend the
field. Intense highly monochromatic laser light has not wavelength range into the blue and ultraviolet or the
only vastly increased the sensitivity and resolution of infrared spectral region, is gaining much in conversion
classical spectroscopic techniques, it has made possible efficiency and versatility with quasi-phase-matched non-
many powerful new techniques of nonlinear spectros- linear crystals. This was first proposed in the sixties by
copy. Laser spectroscopists are no longer just looking at N. Bloembergen and has no