文档介绍：区分三大非谓语动词间的句法功能
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动名词
动词不定式
分词
主语
宾语
表语
定语
状语
补语
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动词不定式的基本形式
主动语态
被动语态
一般式
完成式
进行式
完成进行式
to do
to be done
to have
done
to have
been done
to be doing
\
to have
been doing
\
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分词的基本形式
主动语态
被动语态
现在分词
一般式
完成式
过去分词
doing
being done
having done
having been
done
\
done
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作主语:
To obey law is everyone’s duty.
To do such things is foolish.
不定式作主语时,谓语用单数，为了平衡句子,
通常用it作形式主语,构成句型:
It’s +n.(adj.)+ for(of) sb. +to do sth.
To find out who stole the money is not easy.
It’s not easy (for you )to find out who stole the money.
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如果要表示不定式动作的执行者,要在不定式短语前加上一个for ，语法上称为不定式的复合结构.
It is useful for you to learn some spoken English.
It is very kind of you to come here.
It is foolish of him to do such a thing.
It would be rude of us to refuse their
invitation.
在某些形容词如clever, good ,nice, kind ,foolish, careless, right, wrong, rude, impolite等词之后的不定式前，常加of短语,这是对人做某事的赞扬，责备或感激等。
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动词不定式（短语）做主语时，可用it做形式主语，通常是一些特定的形容词，动词和名词．
．, difficult, easy, hard, possible, impossible等
Eg. It is impossible to do it well.
It’s easy to get the work finished before five.
２）．, require, need, cost, amuse, delight, irritate(激怒), annoy(打扰，扰乱)
Eg. It took us three hours to finish the work.
It requires another three persons to do the work.
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3) ．
Eg. It’s a great pleasure to help you.
It’s an honour to be invited to you birthday party.
It’s a good idea to do the work in another way.
动名词做主语时，it也可作形式主语．.，.: enjoyable, good, worthwhile, nice