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托福写作优秀范文赏析
Archaeology is a source of history, not just a bumble auxiliary discipline. Archaeological
data are historical documents in their own right, not mere illustrations to written texts, Just
as much as any other historian, an archaeologist studies and tries to reconstitute the process
that has created the human world in which we live - and us ourselves in so far as we are each
creatures
of our age and social
environment.
Archaeological
data
are
all
changes in
the
material
world resulting
from
human action
or,
more succinctly,
the
fossilized
results
of human behavior.
The sum total of these constitutes what may be called the archaeological record. This record
exhibits certain peculiarities and deficiencies the consequences of which produce a rather
superficial
contrast
between archaeological
history
and the
more familiar
kind
based upon written
records.
Not all human behavior fossilizes. The words I utter and you hear as vibrations in the air
are certainly human changes in the material world and may be of great historical significance.
Yet they leave no sort of trace in the archaeological records unless they are captured by a
Dictaphone
or
written
down by a
clerk. The
movement of troops on the battlefield
may "