文档介绍：1. 被动语态的构成：助动词be/get＋及物动词的过去分词。
用法：
(1)动作的执行者不知道是谁或难以说明时常用被动语态，如 Street lights are often turned on at six in winter.
(2) 当强调动作的承受者时，用被动语态，如This kind of bicycle is not sold in our shop.
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【注意】
(1) 带双宾语动词的被动语态，若将间接宾语变为被动语态中的主语，直接宾语则保留不变；若将直接宾语变为被动语态中的主语，间接宾语前则需加介词to 或for。
(2) 动词make, have, let, see, watch, hear, feel等接动词不定式作宾语补足语时，动词不定式不带to；但当它们变成被动语态时后面的不定式都须加上to，如The boss made them work ten hours a day.
⇒They were made to work ten hours a day by the boss.
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(3) 当句子的谓语为say, believe, expect, think, know, write, consider, report, suggest, think等时，被动语态有两种形式：①谓语动词用被动语态，动词不定式作主补。②用it作形式主语，真正的主语在后面，用主语从句来表示，如Paper is known to have been first made in China.
⇒It is known that paper was first made in China.
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2. 被动语态的时态：
(1)一般现在时
系动词am/is/are ＋ 动词的过去分词。
(2) 一般过去时
系动词was/were ＋ 动词的过去分词，如
The pupils were given some advice by the pianist.
⇒Some advice was given to the pupils by the pianist.
(3) 一般将来时
will 或be going to ＋ be ＋ 动词的过去分词，如
These books are going to be posted tomorrow.
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(4) 现在完成时
助动词have/has ＋ been ＋ 动词的过去分词，如
We haven’t been invited to the party.
(5) 现在进行时
be ＋ being ＋ 动词的过去分词，如
The problem is being discussed by the students.
(6) 带有情态动词的被动语态
情态动词 ＋ be ＋ 动词的过去分词，如
Your composition must be handed in tomorrow.
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注意:
cut, read, sell, wear, write, cook, lock, wash等表示主语性质功能的动词接状语修饰语时，如
These novels won’t sell well.
(2) want / require / need doing中的doing(也可用to be done)用主动形式表被动意义，如
The house requires cleaning at once.
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跟踪演练
— Hi, Torry, can I use your computer for a while this afternoon?
— Sorry. ______ .
A. It’s repaired B. It has been repaired
C. It’s being repaired D. It had been repaired
【 解析】选C。由Sorry可知，第二个说话者拒绝了第一个说话者借电脑的请求，只有选C项，第二个人的理由才充分。答句句意：对不起，我的电脑正在维修。
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(3) 在“be ＋ 形容词 ＋ to do”中，不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语时，用主动形式表被动。
(4)系动词feel, look, smell, taste, sound等。
(5) 表示“开始、发生、结束、关、停、转、启动”等的动词。
(6) 在be worth doing中，doing用主动形式表被动。
(7) 不定式 to blame (