文档介绍：Special kinds of paragraphs
Introductory es first: to establish the context of discussion & to enable the reader to follow the discussion easily;
It should agree in tone & style with the rest of the essay: a natural part, for example, a humorous or conversational introduction is not appropriate for a research paper;
It should be clear, accurate, no false promise to mislead the reader.
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The ways to write introductory paragraph
It depends on the purpose of the writer, on the audience, & the occasion.
Each writing situation calls for its own approach, but here are 7 general techniques:
Direct Announcement: essay exams, report, & short papers call for this direct approach. For example
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The following introduction from an essay on horror movies uses a direct announcement
Although horror movies have recently been enjoying a vogue (时尚), they have always been perennial (长期地) supporting features among Grade B and Grade C fare. The popularity of the form is no doubt partly explained by its ability to engage the spectator’s feelings without making any serious demands on his mind. In addition, however, horror movies covertly (悄悄) embody (包含)certain underground assumptions (观点) about science which reflect popular opinions.
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: an essay, exams & research papers use it to start
The following paragraph is taken from a final examination in history that asked the students to discuss how the military philosophy of either France or Germany influenced tactics (战术\策略) during the World War I. The writer defines the French term Cran to introduce his discuss of military tactics and to set up the framework for his entire answer,
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For example
To the French “le cran” means nerve or guts(勇敢). In 1914 this concept was epitomized(集中体现) in the mitment(责任感) to the “offensive without hesitation.” For to them it was only by demonstrating “le cran” that they could hope to defeat Germany. Unfortunately, by fixing upon attack, Fr