文档介绍：3D printing
For met hods of applying a 2D image on a 3D surface, see pad printing. For methods of printin£ 2D parallax stereograms that seem 3D to the eye, see lenticular printing and holography.
An ORDbot Quantum 3D printer.
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Timelapse video of a hyperboloid object (designed by George W. Hart) made of PLA using a RepRap 〃Prusa Mendel/z 3D printer for molten polymer deposition.
3D printing or Additive manufacturing 11 is a process of making a
t hree-dimensional solid ob jec t of virtu ally any shape from a dig ital model. 3D printing is achieved using an additive process, where successive layers of material are laid down in different shapes・以 3D printing is also considered distinct from traditional machining techniques, which mostly rely on the removal of material by methods such as cutting or drilling {subtractive processes)・
A 3D printer is a limited type of industrial robot that is capable of carrying out an additive process under computer control.
While 3D printing technology has been around since the 1980s, it was not until the early 2010s that the printers became widely available commercial 1 y.⑶ The first working 3D printer was created in 1984 by Chuck Hull of 3D Systems Corp・⑷ Since the start of the 21st century there has been a large growth in the sales of these machines, and their price has dropped substantially.〔引 According to Wohlers Associates, a consuItancy, the market for 3D printers and services was worth $2. 2 billion worldwide in 2012, up 29% from 2011. [6]
The 3D printing technology is used for both prototyping and distributed manufacturing with applications in architecture, construetion (AEC), industrial design, automotive, aerospace, military, engineering, civil engineering, dental and medical industries, biotech (human tissue replacement), fashion, footwear, jewelry, eyewear, education, geographic information systems, food, and many other fields・ One study has found⑺ that open source 3D printing could become a mass market item b