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河北经贸大学毕业论文
河北经贸大学毕业论文
我国城乡居民消费结构的差异分析
专业名称: 统计学
班 级: 200301
学生姓名: 武志洁
指导教师: 鲁勇兵
完成时间: 2007年5月
摘 要
近年来,我国城镇与乡村之间的差异有逐渐扩大的趋势,而城乡居民的消费结构差异有着很大的代表性。本文选取1993至2005年间的经济统计数据,先运用ELES模型对2005年截面数据建立现阶段我国城乡居民消费结构的需求模型,再对1993年以来的城乡消费结构作描述性分析,指出城乡之间消费结构的差距,得出以下结论:
(1)城镇居民和农民的消费水平随着经济的发展而逐渐增长,但农民消费水平仍然比城镇居民低,而且这种差距还有逐渐拉大的趋势,农民的消费水平还有待提高。(2)反映城乡居民消费结构的主要指标恩格尔系数在十几年来也都是呈逐渐下降的趋势,但城镇居民恩格尔系数下降的幅度明显快于农民,而且城乡居民恩格尔系数的差异随年份的增加而逐渐扩大,这种差异也有逐渐拉大的趋势。(3)除恩格尔系数外,城乡居民消费支出结构也存在着较大的差异。农民的消费结构和城镇居民相比还需要进一步优化。
城乡居民消费结构差异造成的影响表现在以下几个方面:影响了消费品市场的市场化进程,对城乡差别的进一步缩小不利,对产业结构优化造成了影响。为了优化农村居民的消费结构,缩小城乡差距,我们应采取以下措施:(1)缩小城乡收入差距;(2)提高农民受教育程度和科技文化素质;(3)加快农村市场体系建设,大力开拓农村消费品市场;(4)搞好农村基础设施的建设,大力改善农村消费环境,推进农村城镇化发展。
关键词 城镇居民;农村居民;消费结构;差异分析;对策
ABSTRACT
In recent years, between our country cities and the village difference had gradual expanded the tendency, but the city and countryside inhabitant's consumption pattern difference has the very big representation. This article selects 1993 to 2005 economic statistics data, first the section data establishes the present stage our country city and countryside inhabitant consumption pattern using the ELES model to 2005 the demand model, since then has made the description analysis to 1993 city and countryside consumption pattern, pointed out between the city and countryside the consumption pattern disparity, draws following conclusion:
(1) The cities inhabitant and farmer's consumption level but gradually grows along with the economical development, but the farmer consumption level was still lower than the cities inhabitant, more over this kind of disparity also had the tendency which gradually enlarged, farmer's