文档介绍：Moving Innovation
Moving Innovation
A History puter Animation
Tom Sito
The MIT Press
Cambridge, Massachusetts
London, England
© 2013 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Sito, Tom, 1956–
Moving innovation : a history puter animation / Tom Sito.
pages cm
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-262-01909-5 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Computer animation—History. I. Title.
2013
777'.709—dc23
2012038048
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
For Shamus Culhane
1911 – 1995
In 1977, a day after visiting NYIT, he looked up from his typewriter and said to me, “ Ya know,
computers in’. Gonna change everything. The Business [animation] won’ t ever be the
same. ”
Contents
Acknowledgments ix
Introduction 1
1 Film and Television at the Dawn of the Digital Revolution 5
2 Analog Dreams: Bohemians, Beatniks, and the Whitneys 11
3 Spook Work: The Government and the Military 37
4 Academia 53
5 Xerox PARC and Corporate Culture 73
6 Hackers 89
7 Nolan Bushnell and the Games People Play 101
8 To Dream the Impossible Dream: The New York Institute of Technology,
1974 –1986 123
9 Motion Picture Visual Effects and Tron 145
10 Bob Abel, Whitney-Demos, and the Eighties: The Wild West o