文档介绍：REVIEWS
Cognitive neuroscience of emotional
memory
Kevin S. LaBar and Roberto Cabeza
Abstract | Emotional events often attain a privileged status in memory. Cognitive
neuroscientists have begun to elucidate the psychological and neural mechanisms
underlying emotional retention advantages in the human brain. The amygdala is a brain
structure that directly mediates aspects of emotional learning and facilitates memory
operations in other regions, including the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex.
Emotion–memory interactions occur at various stages of information processing, from the
initial encoding and consolidation of memory traces to their long-term retrieval. Recent
advances are revealing new insights into the reactivation of latent emotional associations
and the recollection of personal episodes from the remote past.
Arousal Emotional memories constitute the core of our personal on memory for events, or episodic memory, and, in the
A dimension of emotion that history. Philosophers and psychologists have long theo- case of non-declarative memory, we focus primarily on
varies from calm to excitement. rized about how emotion enhances or disrupts memory. fear conditioning, as the greatest advances so far have
Francis Bacon called strong emotion one of the six been made in these areas. Most studies have examined
Valence 1
A dimension of emotion that “lesser forms of aids to the memory” and, more recently, emotional influences under conditions of moderately
varies from unpleasant Daniel Schacter referred to emotional persistence as one high arousal, but some studies on the effects of valence
(negative) to pleasant (positive), of the seven “sins of memory”2. Over the past century, in the absence of high arousal are mentioned briefly.
with neutral often considered emotional faculties were analysed primarily through Although emotion predominantly benefits memory,
an intermediate value. the methods of animal behaviourism and