文档介绍：非谓语动词I (Nonfinite Verbs)
非谓语动词?
在句子中充当除谓语以外的 句子成分的动词形式叫做非 谓语动词。
非谓语动词分为三种形式:
1)不定式，
2)动名词，
3)分词(现在分词和过去分词)。
不定式---形式
(The Infinitive)
时态\语态
主动
被动
一般式
to do
to be done
进行式
to be doing
/
完成式
to have done
to have been done
完成进行式
to have been doing
/
不定式
动词不定式在句中可作 主语(Subject),宾语(Object), 定语(Attribute),表语 (Predicative)状语(Adverbial)等。
①It’s a good habit to get up early .
②We plan to go to the seaside for our holiday .
③ She is looking for a room to live in .
④My job is to help the patient .
⑤To sleep late in the afternoon , Bob turned off the alarm .
(1) 有些动词只能接不定式做宾语
verb + to do 与 verb + doing的区别
如：help, hope, ask, refuse, decide, wish, promise, pretend, expect, arrange, learn, plan, demand, dare, manage, agree, fail, prepare, determine, offer, choose, desire, elect, long, (happen, seem) 等等。
动词: mind, finish, enjoy, suggest, permit, appreciate, consider, miss, dislike, keep (on), avoid, permit, imagine, risk, escape, admit, stand(忍受), allow, forbid, excuse
(2) 有些动词只接动名词做宾语
短语动词:
give up, put off, insist on, be/get used to
can’t help, feel like, object to, set about,
prevent…from, look forward to,等
短语:
be worth doing, be no good doing,
be no use doing, be busy doing
有些动词后面既可接不定式, 又可接动名词, 其意义基本相同, 区别不大。
like, love, hate, delay, continue, attempt (企图), afford(提供), prefer. omit(省略), begin, start.
(4) 有些词后面既可以接不定式。 亦可接动名词，但其意义有很大区别，须特别注意:
remember/forget/regret
+ doing, 表示完成意义 (=having done);
+ to do, 表示将来意义
mean + to do (=want to do) 打算, 要…;
+ doing 意味着, 就是