文档介绍：摘 要
反求设计已成为先进制造技术的重要环节，技术跟踪的重要手段。现
在的反求大多是产品的实物反求，而产品需要不断优化，技术跟踪也不断
进行；大自然缔造了很多优秀的生物结构，如龟壳，经过数亿年的自然优
化趋于完美，具有高强度、流体阻力小、曲面简约等优点。因此对其结构
反求展开研究，具有重要的理论和实际意义。
本文以龟壳实体为研究对象，分析比较了几种常见的数据测量方式，
选择发展最成熟、测量精度最高的三坐标测量机对龟壳进行数据采集。较
为深入地研究了数据处理技术，提出了最小距离法和向量角度法相结合的
扫描线数据精简算法。以 Pro/ENGINEER 为软件平台，对基于
Pro/E 的逆向工程技术进行了研究。讨论了以边界为中心的曲面重构方法，
提出利用 Pro/SCAN-TOOLS 进行简单曲面重构的方法以及一种把
Pro/SCAN-TOOLS 与造型工具相结合的自由曲面重构方法，基于处理后的
龟壳数据点云进行了拟合重建，得到了龟壳外表面的自由曲面，并对曲面
重构误差进行了分析。
研究了应用 Pro/Mechanica 软件进行有限元分析的方法，对重建的龟壳
模型进行了结构有限元分析。并在此基础上修改、分析，得到了力学性能
不变、便于制造的龟壳派生模型。为研究龟壳的力学性能，将龟壳派生模
型与球冠模型进行结构分析对比。
关键词 龟壳；结构反求；Pro/ENGINEER；曲面重构；有限元分析
I
Abstract
In recent years, reverse engineering has been an important part of advanced
manufacture technology, and an important method of technical track. The current
reverse is mostly the material object reverse of product, but product has to be
optimized continually, technical track has to be progressing continuously; nature
creates many complicated structure, such as turtle shell, which tends to perfectly
by natural optimization of several hundred-million years, and which can resist
compression and decrease resistance. Therefore, study to the structure of turtle
shell is important to both theory and practice.
Turtle shell is taken as object of study in this paper, after analyzing and
comparing several familiar data measure manners, the Coordinate Measuring
Machines which is mature and accurate is selected to measure turtle shell. Data
processing technique is studied thoroughly, and the scanning beam data
simplification arithmetic combined the least distance method and vector angle
method is advanced in this paper. Pro/ENGINEER is taken as
software platform, reverse engineering technique based on Pro/ENGINEER is
researched minutely. And the surface reconstruction method called“Take the
boundary as