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第 20卷第 3期腐蚀科学与防护技术 Vol. 20 No. 3
2008年 5月 CO RRO S IO N SC IENCE AND PRO TECT IO N TECHNOLO GY May. 2008
换热器小浮头螺栓断裂原因分析
张亚明 1 ,藏晗宇 2 ,夏邦杰 1 ,董爱华 1
1 中国科学院金属研究所,沈阳 110016; 2 沈阳中科腐蚀控制工程技术中心,沈阳 110016
摘要:采用宏观形貌观察、化学成分分析、金相组织观察、扫描电镜分析及硬度检验等方法,对某石油厂脱丙烷塔进
料换热器中断裂的多根小浮头紧固螺栓进行了失效分析. 结果表明,该螺栓的化学成分、金相组织正常,硬度为
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HRC30~32 5;其断裂的原因是环境中的湿硫化氢应力腐蚀所致. 并提出了相应的改进建议.
关键词:换热器;螺栓;硫化氢;应力腐蚀;断裂
中图分类号文献标识码文章编号( )
: TG174 4 1 1 : A : 1002 6495 2008 03 0220 04
FA IL URE ANALY S IS O F BOL TS O F A SM ALL FLOAT
HEAD IN A HEAT EXCHANGER
ZHANG Ya m ing1 , ZANG Han yu2 , X IA Bang jie1 , DONG A i hua1
1 Institute of M etal Research, Chinese Academ y of Sciences, Shenyang 110016;
2 Zhongke Engineering Research Center for Corrosion Control, Shenyang 110016
Abstract:Analysis of the failed bolts of a small float head used for a heat exchanger was conducted by
visual inspection, chem position analysis, metallographic exam ination, SEM observation and hard
ness test. The results showed that the m icrostructure and chem position of these bolts were in ac
cordance with the relevant normals, and hardness was HRC30~32 5. The failure of the bolts was caused
by wet H2 S stress corrosion. Finally a logical safety countermeasure was p roposed.
Keywords: heat exchanger; bolt; H2 S; stress corrosion; fracture