文档介绍：水利水电项目工程专业英语水文与水资源篇
水利水电项目工程专业英语水文与水资源篇
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水利水电项目工程专业英语水文与水资源篇
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水利水电工程专业英语——水文与水资源篇
1. Hydrological Cycle and Budget

Hydrology is an earth science. It encompasses the occurrence, distribution, movement, and properties of the waters of the earth and their environmental relations. Closely allied fields include geology, climatology, meteorology and oceanography.
水文学是一门地球科学。它包含地球水资源的发生、散布、运动和特质，以及其环境关系。与之亲密有关领域包含地质学，天气学，气象学和大海学。
The hydrologic cycle is a continuous process by which water is transported from the oceans
to the atmosphere to the land and back to the sea. Many sub-cycles exist. The evaporation of
inland water and its subsequent precipitation over land before returning to the ocean is one
example. The driving force for the global water transport system is provided by the sun, which
furnishes the energy required for evaporation. Note that the water quality also changes during
passage through the cycle; for example, sea water is converted to fresh water through
evaporation.
水文循环是一个连续的过程，在这个过程中水从大海被运输到大气中，下降到陆地，
而后回到大海。有好多子循环存在。内地水域的蒸发机器后在回到大海前在陆地上的将于就是一个例子。全世界水运输系统的运转动力由太阳供给，经过蒸发这个过程给予水运动能量。需要注意的是，水质在水循环通道中也会改变，比方，海水在蒸发后就会转变为淡水。
The complete water cycle is global in nature. World water problems require studies on
regional, national, international, continental, and global scales. Practical significance of the fact
that the total supply of fresh water available to the earth is limited and very small compared with
the salt water content of the oceans has received little attention. Thus waters flowing in one
country cannot be available at the same time for use in other regions of the world. Modern
hydrologists are obligated to cope with problems requiring definition in varying scales of
significant order of magnitude difference. In addition, developing techniques to control weather
must receive careful attention, since climatological changes in o