文档介绍：动词不定式
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结构 : to do
(否定) not/never to do
二. 时态与语态
主动语态
被动语态
一般式
进行式
完成式
不定式
to do
to be done
to be doing
to have done
to have been
done
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(1).They pretended not to see us.
(2). He pretended to be sleeping.
(3).She pretended to have known it before.
(一般式表示与谓语的动作同时/几乎发生在
它之后.)
(在谓语动词发生的同时,不定式的动作也正在进行)
(完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前)
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三. 用法/ 功能
To see is to believe.
It’s important to learn English well .
(1). 主语
单个不定式作主语时,谓语动词用单数
若不定式太长,往往用it作形式主语,不定式置后.
My job to help the patient.
Your task to clean the classroom.
(2). 表语
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I want to go home.
The workers demanded to get better pay.
I found it necessary to talk to him again.
(3) 宾语
think/ consider/ find it + adj.+ to do
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. I made him do his work.
He was made to do his work (by me).
注意
see, hear, watch, feel, notice, look at等表示
感觉和let, make, have等表示使役的动词后
面，不定式作宾补时要省“to” （注：被动
语态不省to）
The teacher told me to clean the blackboard.
I expect you to give me some help.
(4). 宾补
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I have something to say.
He has a lot of homework to do .
He is looking for a room to live in .
There is nothing to worry about.
(5). 定语
(如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词,
则不定式中要有介词.)
请给我一支写字的笔.
Please give me a pen to write with.
不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰词的后面
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I came here to see you.
He got up early to catch the train.
(6) 状语（表示目的或结果）
in order to ,
so as to ,
enough to ,
only to ,
too….to.,
在一些短语中也有体现
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(7).独立结构
to be frank,
to be honest,
To tell the truth, I don’t agree with you.
类似的结构
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(8)不定式与疑问词who,which, when, how, what等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等。
He didn’t know what to say.
How to solve the problem is very important. My question is when to start.
注意：
在与why连用时，why not开头的简短疑问句中，后面紧跟的动词不定式不带to。
Why not have a rest?
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