文档介绍：第三章篇章的翻译目录一. 照应五. “洋为中用”适时转换语篇模式二. 衔接三. 以段落为语篇翻译的基础四. “入乡随俗”准确再现语域风格总括篇章通常指一系列连续的话段或句子构成的语言整体。从表现形式上来看,它可长可短,长可达一本书,短仅为一句话。在这一点上英、汉语是一致的。然而,在语篇的内在联系上,则又存在着根本的差异。语篇联系主要是靠语法和词汇。从结构形式上,汉语的语篇多是句内与句间的直接结合,形式上缺少显性的衔接手段;而英语的语篇结构形式多为句与句的有序排列,呈线形展开,语义脉络清楚,一气呵成。根据语篇翻译要遵从的三要素即中心(topic )、一致性( unity )和连贯性( coherence )的要求,译文必须根据原文作者的意图传递完整的、符合逻辑的、脉络清楚的、语法正确的篇章。总括回目录一照应照应是一种语义关系,是指语篇中一个成分做另一个成分的参照点。在指称意义上是相互解释的关系。这种照应可以分为: 人称照应、指示照应和比较照应。(一)人称照应人称照应是指用人称代词(如: he, she, they, him, we, us, them 等)及其相应的限定词(如: his, her, our, their 等)和名词性所有格代词(如: his, hers, theirs, ours 等) 所表示的照应关系。照应回目录请阅读下面文章,注意红字部分的照应关系。例: He appeared almost Lilliputian, dwarfed by the big hickory rocking chair he occupied on the porch of the old Riverside Hotel in Gatlinburg, Tenn. But we could hardly help noticing him on that warm mid-April day: while others lounged about in causal attire, he wore a dark-blue pin-stripe suit, a Harvard-crimson necktie and a straw boater. The gold watch chain draped across his tightly buttoned vest glinted in the sunlight as he rocked ever so deliberately. He watched bemusedly as I stepped from the Jaguar XK-150, my 照应回目录 pride and joy, and walked to the opposite side to open the door for my bride. His eyes followed as we trailed self-consciously behind the luggage-laden bellboy, and he smiled a knowing smile when we neared his rocker. “ Hello, young lovers, ” he said. Our honeymooner status was unmistakable. The man we came to know as Mr. B was in the dining room, sitting alone with a cup of tea, when we entered late the next morning. 译文:在田纳西州加特林堡古老的河滨旅店,他坐在游廊里一把硕大的山核桃木摇椅上,相形之下显得又矮又小, 跟“小人国”的居民差不多。可是在四月中旬那个温暖的日子里,我们不能不注意到他,因为别人都穿着便装在旅店周围闲逛,他却穿着一套浅色条纹的深蓝色西服,扎着哈照应回目录佛式深红领带,带着平顶硬草帽。一条金表链横挂在紧扣的背心前襟上,随着他晃动摇椅的节奏,在阳光下闪闪发光。一直在若有所思地注视着我们,看着我走下我的捷豹 XK-150 型轿车(它令我感到骄傲和欢欣),绕到另一边给我的新娘打开车门。我们跟在提着沉重行李的侍应生后面拘束地走着,他的目光一直跟着我们。当我们走近他的摇椅时,他露出了会心的微笑。“你们好,相爱的年轻人, ”他说。我们的新婚夫妇和蜜月游客身份是显而易见的,没有人会弄错。第二天早上,我们进餐厅较晚。当时,那位老人,也就是我们后来结识的 B先生,正独自坐着,面前放着一杯茶。照应回目录解析:文章开篇就用 he