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摘要
随着我国社会主义现代化建设事业的迅速发展和推进可持续发展战略的需要,对于社会上应用广泛,在国民经济建设和国防建设中具有十分重要作用的动力机械-内燃机,也提出了进一步提高性能,减少能源消耗和降低对环境的污染要求,而内燃机燃烧性能的好坏是直接影响内燃机的能耗性能和排放的重要因素。近年来,我国广大内燃机工业的科技工作者通过大量的研究,试验工作取得了许多科技成果使我国国产内燃机的燃烧性能得到了很大的改善和提高。但是,以往对内燃机燃烧的研究大多集中在内燃机工质的形成燃烧室,缸内气流运动及其三者之间的相互匹配等方面对于内燃机进气质量方面的研究则较少见。
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在汽油机上应用进气富氧技术不但可以显著降低污染物的排放,而且还能够提高燃烧热效率、增加发动机功率密度。为此,国内外研究人员对汽油机富氧燃烧技术和理论进行了积极的探索。本文采取台架试验与模拟计算相结合的研究方法对进气富氧技术应用开展研究,探索进气富氧对汽油机不同转速工况下燃烧与排放的影响规律,对进气富氧技术的发展与完善具有重要意义。在汽油机上应用自行设计的氧气供给系统,%、%、25%的富氧燃烧试验。研究发现:采用增加进气富氧的措施可以实现在有效减少污染物排放。同过测量缸内压力、高压油管压力以及其它运行参数,获取滞燃期、缸内压力、燃烧放热规律等燃烧过程信息,分析探讨了进气富氧对燃烧过程的影响。汽油机的着火滞燃期明显缩短,着火始点和放热始点前移,缸内最高燃烧压力增大,
着火急燃期放热峰值增大。这是因为进气中氧浓度的增加有助于加快燃油分子的先期氧化反应,加快着火前的化学准备过程,进而缩短滞燃期。而着火的化学准备、预混燃烧速率、滞燃期内喷油量这三方面的因素共同影响着最大压力升高率和预混放热峰值。
关键字:汽油机;富氧燃烧;转速;排放特性;燃烧特性
ABSTRACT
With the rapid development of China's socialist modernization and the needs of promoting the sustainable development strategy, munity widely in the national economy and national defense construction has a very important role in the construction of power machine-bustion engine, also proposed further improve performance, reduce energy consumption and pollution of the environment requires, combustion performance is good or bad is an important factor directly affect the energy consumption of bustion engine performance and emissions. In recent years, China's vast numbers of industrial workers through a large number of science and technology of bustion engine research, experimental work has achieved many scientific and technological achievements bustion performance of bustion engine made in China to be a great deal to improve and enhance. However, in the past bustion research are mostly concentrated in the formation of bustion chamber of bustion engine, among the in-cylinder air motion and its matching for bustion engine intake air quality research in areas such as the mon.
Application on the gasoline engine intake oxygen enrichment technology can not only significa