文档介绍：The paper --Eva A Pragmatic Study of Gender Differences in Conversations Title Background information ? women's movement around 1960s ? the birth of sociolinguistics Lakoff: Language and Women's Place Jesperson : Language: Its Nature, Development and Origin Coate : Men and Language :a Sociolinguistic Account of Sex Differences in Language out of a course Purpose of the study ? analyse gender differences in dialogues from a pragmatic perspective ? explore the causes and consequences ? further explore the possible ways to minimize the negative effects Research questions and answers ? What are the gender differences in conversations? pronunciation intonation vocabulary topics quantity ? What are the reasons for these gender differences? 1. Language can be sexist. anization: a kind of hierarchical set of power relationship. and women are social beings who have learned to act in certain ways. Gender differences in conversations Pronunciation women use prestige or more standard forms, . 62% males VS 29% females pronounce -in instead of -ing Intonation ? Women-- rich in variability such as rising intonation, falling-rising intonation and inquisitive intonation. ? Men-- assertive and monotonous falling intonation pattern. Examples: You are so beautiful. That's very interesting . stress on the intensifiers soften the moods &show politeness ‘ Yes, y es / I know ’. ‘ Yes, y`es / I know'. Vocabulary ? Male-- more extensive ? Female-- more adjectives ,adverbs and color words