文档介绍：摘要随着社会和经济的快速发展和城市化进程的加快,水资源短缺和水质恶化问题日益突出。合理开发、利用水资源,实现水资源的优化配置和水环境的有效保护,促进水资源可持续利用,已经成为实际工作面临重要的研究课题。本文以湖南省社会经济发展规划、水资源开发利用状况、地表水环境监测、排污口调查资料为基础,从水资源保护的需要出发,分析了湖南省地表水污染状况;以水资源可持续发展为原则,综合考虑近期与远期水质水量的需求,对辖区内河流进行了水功能区划,制定了水功能区水质管理目标;依靠现状资料进行了水质模型参数的分析、实验和率定,对河流纳污能力进行了分析和计算,制定了各单元污染物排放的控制量和削减量。为了对水资源实簏有效的监督和管理,提出了地表水纳污总量控制的思路和对策。关键词:地表水、功能区划、水环境容量、总量控制 Abstract Along withthefastdevelopment ofthesociety andeconomy andthe acceleration of theurbanizationprocess,theproblem ofwater resource shortageand water quality worsen extreme water resource with reason,realizing theoptimized collocation ofwater resource,and protecting water environment availably,advancing durative utilizationofwater resource,has already e theimportant research topic in faceofactualwork.. On thebasis ofsocial economic development plan ofHunan province,development and utilizationofwater resource state,environmentalmonitoring ofsurface water and information ,considering theneed of water resources protection, has analyzed the surface water pollution situation of Hunan,taking sustainable development synthetically of the near futureandlong-term programs,we carry on water function zoning tOthewater qualitymanagement objectives offunction district ofwateL Analysis,experiment and rateofrelying onthe current situation、materials tocarry 0n the model parameter ofwater quality are and calculate the riverdirtyability, make every entrance controlamount andcutting down amount ofdisposal order toimplement effectivesupervision andmanagement tothe water resource,this paper hasput forward theideaand counter measure forthe surface water receives dirty overall controlfinally Keyword:surface water;function partition;water environmental capacity;amount control ——三堡塑主兰竺堕苎一塑堕笪坐塑塑堡翌堕塞 1总论 ,随着社会和经济的迅速发展、人口的增长和城市化进程的加快,对水的需求愈来愈多,水资源短缺和水污染日益严重,在一些地区己成为社会经济发展的制约因素。本研究对湖南省主要水域进行水功能区划分,确定其对应功能的水质保护目标,并对重点河段水环境容量进行计算研究,分析确定主要污染物控制排放量和