文档介绍：宁夏大学硕士学位论文刀与秤:菏泽回民街屠宰户生计方式研究姓名:卢永青申请学位级别:硕士专业:民族学指导教师:赵慧2011-03I摘要山东菏泽的回族因为信仰伊斯兰教、以及其他历史和自身限制原因,只能通过回族人屠宰牲畜满足饮食和经济所需。回民街屠宰户从业之初面临的是无奈和冷酷的生存现实,然而随着时代发展,回族人信仰的伊斯兰教对回民街屠宰户的发展起了推动作用。本文以山东菏泽回民街屠宰户为研究对象,通过对回民街屠宰户选择屠宰行这一生计方式的原因进行分析,***其背后的深层文化原因;通过对刀与秤的深描,对回民街的屠宰户屠宰过程和售卖行为的研究,将回族屠宰业这一生计方式立体呈现;通过主位和客位的视角解读回民街屠宰户的生计方式,对回族屠宰户这一角色的功能,这一生计方式所面临的挑战和解决途径做探讨。本文除绪论和结语外,分为四章。绪论中交代了本研究的缘起和意义,以及相关的研究现状,表明本文的研究方法。第一章介绍了菏泽的人口和环境等基本情况,追溯了菏泽回民街的历史沿革,概述了回民街屠宰户的基本情况。第二章阐述了回民街屠宰户以刀谋生的原因,并对屠宰过程立体呈现。第三章对回族屠宰户的交易行为和交易****惯进行描述和分析,突出回民街屠宰户在一杆秤上的算计,既坚持公平交易,又精明算计。第四章通过主位和客位的视角解读回民街屠宰户的生计方式,对这一生计方式所面临的挑战和解决途径做了探讨。结语中总结了回民街屠宰户这一生计方式的文化功能和现实意义,即回民街屠宰户这一角色满足了回族人的饮食需求和经济需求,同时使回族的代与代之间、一个历史阶段与另一个历史阶段之间保持了某种同一性和连续性,成为了菏泽回族的一种文化密码,给回族的生存带来了秩序和意义。关键词:回民街,屠宰户,生计方式 IIFalchion and Steelyard:Study on the Butcher’s Living Style of Hui Minority Street in HeZe Lu Yongqing Ethnography Directed by professor Zhao Hui Abstract Hui nationality, especially those live in HeZe of ShanDong province, need to butcher by themselves to meet the requirements of food and economy because of the influence of Islam. At the beginning., the butcher in Hui minority Street pelled to do this job .With the development of economy and society, Islam play as a motivation of the butcher. This paper research the butcher who live on Hui minority Street in HeZe of ShanDong Province .The paper analysis the reason that the butcher choose their job. The butcher job is shown in details and the life style of butcher is learned from subjective and objective aspects. Furthermore, the function of butcher and the challenge and the solution of the challenge are discussed. This paper is divided into four chapters excludes the introduction which introduces the reason and meaning of this research and the methods which are employed and conclusion. The first chapter introduces the population and environment of HeZe and the basic information about the lives of Hui minority Street. Why the butchers choose their job and the working procedures are shown in the secon