文档介绍：The Temple of Heaven Introduction ? The Temple of Heaaven was constructed during the reign of Emperor Yongle (1402--1424)of the Ming Dynasty (1368--1644),pleted in 1420,about the same time as the Forbidden the Emperor Yongle moved the capital from Nanjing to Beijing in 1420,it was at the Temple of Heaven that he performed the important ritual of paying tribute to Heaven and Earth. HISTORY ? The plex was constructed from 1406 to 1420 during the reign of the Yongle Emperor, who was also responsible for the construction of the Forbidden City in Beijing. plex was extended and renamed Temple of Heaven during the reign of the Jiajing Emperor in the 16th century. The Jiajing Emperor also built three other prominent temples in Beijing, the Temple of Sun ( 日壇)in the east, the Temple of Earth ( 地壇)in the north, and the Temple of Moon ( 月壇)in the west . The Temple of Heaven was renovated in the 18th century under the Qianlong Emperor. Due to the deterioration of state budget, this became the last large- scale renovation of the plex in the imperial time. ? The temple was occupied by the Anglo-French Alliance during the Second Opium War. In 1900, during the Boxer Rebellion, the Eight Nation Alliance occupied the plex and turned it into the force's mand in Beijing, which lasted for one year. The occupation desecrated the temple and resulted in serious damage to the plex and the garden. Robberies of temple artifacts by the Alliance were also reported. With the downfall of the Qing, the plex was left unmanaged. The neglect of the plex led to the collapse of several halls in the following years. ? In 1914, Yuan Shikai, then President of the Republic of China, performed a Ming prayer ceremony at the temple, as part of an effort to have himself declared Emperor of China. In 1918 the temple was turned into a park and for the first time open to the public. ? The Temple of Heaven was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1998 and was