文档介绍：GOM8
Inventory Management
GOM8
存货管理
General Concepts
Functions of Inventories (5)
Transit inventories: exist because materials must be moved from one location to another (also pipeline inventories)
Buffer inventories: to protect against the uncertainties of supply and demand (also safety stocks) as against stockout
Anticipation inventories: such as a price increase, strike, seasonal change….
一般概念
存货功能(5)
运输存货:是由于原料必须从一个地方运输到另外一个地方(包括管道库存)
缓冲存货:防止出现不确定的供给和需求造成的脱销(安全库存)
预期存货:例如价格上涨,罢工,周期性的变化……
General Concepts
Decoupling inventories: between machines acting as shock absorbers
Cycle inventories: lot size inventories
Forms of Inventories
Raw materials
Maintenance, repair, and operating supplies
Work-in-progress (WIP)
Finished goods
一般概念
退耦存货:在机器间做减震器
循环存货:大量的存货
存货的形式:
原材料
维护和运转供应品
在进行中产品
产成品
General Concepts
Inventory-related Costs
Ordering or Set up costs
Inventory Carrying or Holding Costs
Capital costs
Storage costs
Risk costs
Stockout Costs
Opportunity Costs: the overtime required to increase capacity….the cost of idle time….
一般概念
存货相关的成本
订货成本
存货成本
资金成本
存储成本
风险成本
缺货损失
机会成本:超时满负荷…..停机成本……
General Concepts
Types of Inventory Management Systems
Reorder point systems
Periodic review systems
MRP systems
Reorder point systems
An inventory level is specified at which a replenishment order for a fixed quantity of the inventory item is to be placed.
The quantity of inventory to be ordered is often based on the economic order quantity
Two bins system
一般概念
存货管理系统的类型
再订货点系统
周期性检查系统
MRP(物资需求计划)系统
再订货点系统
库存达到一个预先设置的固定点时需要重新补充库存。
库存订货数量依据经济订购量
双箱系统