文档介绍：o r g a n i z a t i o n a l b e h a v i o r
组织行为学
高效能的群体
Organizational Behavior
MBA munication University of China
主要内容
群体和团队的定义
群体GROUP
霍桑研究Hawthorne Studies
群体发展阶段Stages of Group Development
群体动力理论Group Dynamics
群体工作互依性Group Task Interdependence
从众性和反从众性Conformity and Deviance
社会懈怠Social loafing
团队TEAM
群体和团队的差异Difference: Group and Team
团队类型Types of Teams
建立高效能团队Creating Effective Teams
将个人转化为组织的一员Turning Individuals Into Team Players
团队和高质量管理Teams and Quality Management
团队并非适用所有情况Teams Aren’t Always the Answer
Communication University of China
群体的定义
群体Group
为了实现某个特定的目标,两个或两个以上相互作用、相互依赖的个体组合。
Two or more people who interact with each other to plish certain goals or meet certain needs.
Communication University of China
团队的定义
团队Team
一群愿意为了共同的目的、业绩目标和方法二一起工作的人。所有的团队都是群体,但群体不一定是团队。
A group whose members work intensely with each other to achieve a specific, common goal or objective. All teams are groups but not all groups are teams.
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为什么人们会加入群体中?
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安全需要 Security
地位需要 Status
自尊需要 Self-esteem
情感需要 Affiliation
权力需要 Power
实现目标需要 Goal Achievement
霍桑试验 The Hawthorne Studies
1924至1932年间,一系列在美国芝加哥西部电气公司所属的霍桑工厂进行的心理学研究,由哈佛大学教授梅奥主持
研究结论:
工人的行为和情绪密切相关 Worker behavior and sentiments were closely related.
群体的规范很大程度上影响着工人的行为 Group influences (norms) were significant in affecting individual behavior.
群体规范对工人生产率影响很大 Group standards (norms) were highly effective in establishing individual worker output.
在影响工人生产率的因素中,群体规范,情绪和安全都比钱要重要 Money was less a factor in determining worker output than were group standards, sentiments, and security.
Communication University of China
群体的发展阶段
Communication University of China
群体的发展阶段
形成阶段 Forming
群体成员各自摸索群体可接受的行为规范,最后达到一致. Group members get to know each other and mon goals.
震荡阶段 Storming
群体内部冲突阶段. Group members disagree on direction and leadership. Managers need to be sure the conflict stays focused.
规范化阶段 Norming
群体内部成员之间开始形成亲密的关系,群体表现出一定的凝聚力. Close ties and