文档介绍：考研英语每日一课(阅读理解-领会作者的观点和态度)
阅读理解-领会作者的观点和态度
一篇文章不可避免地反映了作者的观点、态度和情绪。能否正确地把握作者的观点和态度是体现考生阅读理解能力的一个重要方面。这类题目主要是考查考生能否正确理解作者的写作意图、所持的观点及阐述文章主题时的语气或对他所论述的对象的态度。
第一节命题方式
在阅读理解测试中,要求确定作者观点、态度的问题,通常有以下几种方式:
According to the author, .
In the author's opinion, .
The author thinks (believes, suggests, deems) that .
The author gives impression that .
How does the author feel about .
What is the author's opinion (idea) about ?
Which of the following will the author agree (disagree) with?
The author's attitude towards … might be summarized an one of .
The tone of the passage can best be described as (is) .
What is the tone (mood) of the passage?
Which of the following can best describe the attitude of the author towards ?
回答这类问题,考生务必细心地注意作者在描述事实和表达观点时所使用的词汇。作者往往要用一些带有个人感情色彩或褒贬之分的词汇来表明自己的态度。本章将具体从如何正确判断作者的观点及如何判断作者所持的态度两方面加以阐述。
第二节正确理解作者真正的观点
在一篇文章里,作者在陈述自己的观点时,有时直接了当,有时先介绍某一观点,而接着在后面却提出了相反的观点,表明自己的态度。因此,要正确判断作者的观点时,必须把上下文联系起来看,文章中所陈述的内容并非都代表了作者的观点。只有认真细心的阅读,才能从一句话、一个段落或一篇文章中找到已提到过的或暗示的各种观点。在论证作者的观点时要弄清作者说了些什么,写这篇文章有什么目的,文章中的事实是否支持作者的论点等。
常见的命题形式请见前文中所列举的1~7。
例1(1995年考题第1篇53、54题)
Money spent on advertising is money spent as well as any I know of. It serves directly to assist a rapid distribution of goods at reasonable prices, thereby establish a firm home market and so making it possible to provide for export petitive prices. By drawing attention to new ideas it helps enormously to raise standards of living. By helping to increase demand it ensures an increased need for labor, and is therefore an effective way to fight unemployment. It lowers the cost of many services: without advertisements your daily newspaper would lost four times as much, the price of your television license would need to be doubled, and travel by bus or tube would cost 20 per cent more.
And perhaps most important of all, advertising provides a guarantee of reasonable value in the products and services you buy. Apart from the fact that twentyseven acts of Parliament govern the terms of ad