文档介绍：英语语言学复****资料 .(XC)
is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication.
is generally definehese classes.
In English , closed class word are conjunctions, prepositions,
articles and pronouns. New words are not usually added to them.
the most basic element of meaning is traditionally called morpheme.
morphemes which occurs only before other morphemes. They cannot be used alone.
it is the morphemes which can be used alone.
the phonemic features that occur above the level of the segments
are called suprasegmental features.
it refers to a group of linguistic items which fulfill the same or similar functions in a particular language such as a sentence ,a noun phrase or a verb.
Syntactic units that are built around a certain word category are called phrases.
Three distinct of phonetics( 语音学的三个分支？ )
Articulatory phonetics 发音语音学 ; auditory phonetics 听觉语音学 ;
acoustic phonetics 声光语音学 .
2. Main features of language( 语言的主要特征？ )
Language is a system. Language is arbitrary. Language is vocal.
Language is human-specific.
3. Synchronic vs. diachronic( 共识语言学与历史语言学的区别？ ) Language exists in time and changes through time. The description of
a language at some point of time in history is a synchronic study; the description of a language as it changes through time is a diachronic study. A di